(1801-48), . ,   "    ", " ", "     ".?*
(.)  ()?*
(.) , ?*
... -       . ( )?*
... -    ?*
... -    ?*
... -    ?*
... -   ,     . ( )?*
...  ?*
...  ,   ?*
...   ( . )?*
...      ?*
...    ?*
...  (  "")?*
...  ,        (  ?)?*
...   -     -  ?*
...  -    XII-XV     ,      ?*
...    ,      (   "" . )?*
...   ,         (  ?)?*
...    ,     (  )?*
...- (,   ""    )?*
... -    ?*
...- ( ,    )?*
... ,  ,   ,  . ,   , .  ?  ,   ,   ,  . :  - .     ?* 
 ... ,   - >.     ?*
0,1,185,2?*
1/32 ?*
1/4  ?*
100    -  ...   ?*37,8
11-       ?*
12  ( 144)?*
150-        1988 .  ... ?*
16-  ,      (1809-65);  ?*
2   10?*1024 
2   16?*65536
23-   (  1833-1901,   1889-1893, )?*
240  450-         ... ?*
3.14159   ?*
34-   (  1890-1969,   1953-1961, )?*
35-   (1961-63),   ?*
365  5  ...  45.51 .    .   ?*48
38-   (  1913,   1974-1977, )?*
39-   (  1924,   1977-1981, )?*
3D *quake
3,   ,    ... ?*
4  1888    -       .       ?* 
41-   (  1924,   1989-1993, )?*
42-   (  1946,   1993-2000, )?*
4-    ?*
4- ?*
4- ?*
a(b+c)=ab+ac -   ...?*
C,  ,   19-22 ?*
Flash BIOS   Chaintech Computer    BIOS  ... ?*
Homo homini lupus est.    : "...  - "?*
H ,    ,  ... ?* 
Intel Pentium III   ...   ( )?*
K    ""   ?*
Sex Pistols - , Depeche Mode - , Metallica - , Nirvana - ...?*
The lease -  ... ?*
X?*
       ?*
      !-     " I" . ?*
     - ...! (. )?*
,-,-?-...?*
. .  - : " - ,   ,  ... "?*-
.: "    ... "?*
-  -,   ... ?*1973
,,?*
,  ,  ?*
     ?*-273,15
 ..         " "?*
  ?*
  ,   ?*
    (1883-1924).               .   ... ?*
  ?*
op e o e ?* 
pp-p,pp?*
     ?*
,?*
 ?*
 ?*
     (  - . )?*
?*
 "  "?*
  " "?*
   "  "?*
   "  ,    !"?*
   ,     "   ,   "?*
    " ", ""?*
  "      "?*
    : "   ..." -  ... ?*
  " :    "?*
  " "?*
  '' :    ''?*
    " ", " "?*
  " ",  " " ()?*
    ?*
  ""    ?*
  "   "?*
  " "?*
       "   "?* 
  " "?*
  "  "?*
  "    "?*
    "-"?*
  " ..."   ""?*
      ?*
   ""?*
      ,        : "...    "?*
,      "  "?*
?*
,  ?*
,  ?*
    1941 ?*
    1941 ?*
.-. ,   ?*
.-.   ?*
-  ?*
    . " "   ... ?*
  ?*
a ooe a?*
  ,    . (, , , )?*
 ,  : "    ,  "?*
  ?*
,NH4H2PO4(NH4)2HPO4:)?*
    6 .  -     ?* 
 ceo p ocyapco a*
 -    60- ,       "".  ,   "",        TEHAMA?*
 ,  ""  ?*
 ,    " "?*
   ,      "  "?*
,      "  "?*
,      "X-Files"   ""?* 
,     "9 1/2 "?*
,        ""?*
,        7  "  "?*
- "", "", ""?*
 . .  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ,           .  ""?*
,    """?*
,        " "?*
   ?*
     ,      ,       .   ?* 
?*
  -       ?*
,XV,?*
 , -   -  " "?*
,--""?*
 ?*
   -  , , ... ?*
 ,  ?*
  ?*
. ?*
. ?*
.,. 1952 .?*
?*
,    ?*
,   ?*
.  ?*
  ?*
        ?* 
  ?*
 ,  ?* 
  (1889 - 1953).     ,    .       .  ?*
  ?*
   .   (1969,   .   . . ).?*
 ,     (Hewlett-Packard)?*
 ?*
 ?*
      ""   ... ?*
  XIX ,   "  "?*
 ,   ,   , .*
   , ""  " "?*
  ,        ?*
    (1881-1957, . 1932)?*
 ,   ?*
 .   (1907).?*
 -   ?*
  "  "     ...?*   
 ,   1983?*
 .   (1979,   . ).?*
 ?*
 -  ,       ?*
 -   ?*
 ?*
"",?*
   " "     ?* 
 -  : ?*
?*
        ... ?*17
     " ": "  ,     ..." .  ?*
   ... ?*
.    ?*
. , , .     (1950).?*
 ?*
  ,   .*
  ,   ?*
  16 ?*
  ?*
 .  "   "?*
    .     I           ?*
   ,        -   .      .         .    ?*
 -,    "Genesis"?* 
 ,     ?*
      "  ,   ..."?*
 ?*
   ?*
,   ?*
      ... ?* 
: "      ,     "?* 
    ... ?*
 ?*
4?*
 ?*
 ?*
  -  ... ?*
    ,  "  ,   ... "?*
 ?*
 , ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
?*
-   70 ,    12-?*
-   70 ,    12-?*
-,   12-,   ,  ,  .     .   ?*
    ?*
,..?*
  : "  -  ,    -  .   ,     ...". ?*
   7-9 ?*
   ?*
    .  ?*
 -   ... ?*
 : ",     ,   ..."?*
 ?*
     10-  ( 1884)?*
     12-  ( 1884)?*
     2-  - -... ?*
     5- ?*
     8-  ( 1884)?*
  ,  82       ,        .   ,   ?*
1935-45?*
,?*
 ?*
,?*
     ?*
   ,    ()?*
   ... ?*
,?*
    ?*
,     ?*
 ,     ?*
- ,    -   ?*
  ?*
 ,    ""?*
 ?*
  -   ... ?*c
   ,        .   : "     ." ?*
   ,        .   : "     ." ?*
  ,       (1793 - 1864).       .  ?*
 ?*
, , , '. , ,   ... ?*
      -  ... ?*
:",,:"?*
 ?*
,     ,     ! ,   ,    . - ?*
       ... ?*
 ?*
.  : "   - ;   - ,   ... - "?*
.  ,      ,     .   ?*
oa a  ooo a?*
p?*
     ?*
 ?*
, ,    ,  ?*
 .?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,(.)?*
 ?*
,    ?*
,?*
?*
   ,     ,  .    ... ?*
 .?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
     .  " " ... ?*
     ... ?* 
   ?*
, ?*
 ...      .      ?*
 ...      .      ?*
 ...,      ?*
    ?*
       ?*
 ?*
,,?*
- ?*
 ?*
  ,  ,    ?*
   -?*
?*
 ?*
  , ?*
    ,    .      ?*
   ?*
-   ?*
   ?*
         ?*
 ,       ?*
         ?*
   ,   , ... ?*
     ?*
  ?*
.?*
, ?*
,,?*
 ?*
  ", , !"   " "  ... ?*
, ?*
  ?*
 ,    ,   , ?*
?*
 ,   ?* 
  (,  )?*
 ,   - , : CH3(C2H5O)P(O)SCH2CH2N[CH(CH3)2]2.    ?*-
    ,     ,    ?*-
,       (.)?*
 ?*
 -    ,      . Biblio - ,     tafos?*
,   ""?*
  - ,         .  ?*
  ?*
 20 000 ,          ,        "...  "?*
    .   ,   ... ?*
    ?*
 ,        ?*
     ?*
?*
,    , ,   ! -    ... ?* 
   ?*
  "" ,     ?*
  ,     "  " . - -   ... ?*
   -   G2?*
  ?*
      ... ?*
    "",      ?*
 . ?*
       ?*
        ?*
,""/""?*
,,?*
 ,      ,   ?*
   ?*
    ,         ?*
 ,   ,  ,        ("  " . ")?*
     ?*
   ! -     ... ?*
        ?*
,?*
    ,   (     )?*
 ?*
    .      ( ),       ?*
       19 ?*
 ?*
   ?*
,?*
  ?*
  -  ?*
 , ?*
?*
Р?*
 (  )?*
  ( "","-43").  -    ?*
  ?*
    ?*
,    -    ?*
 ?*
  ?*
,      ?*
..?*
      ,   .   ?*
  ,    ?*
  ?*
-,?*
- ?*
    .   ,    -  15   ?*
 ?*
  ,      :) ?*
  -,  (   )?*
  , , ?*
?*
   ,       ?*
      ?*
   ?*
    - ?*
 ?*
  ?*
 ?*
      "  ..."?*
  : -,  . -, ? - .    ?*  
    ,   ... ?*  
         ... ?*
  ,   ?*
 ?*
. ?*
,  ""    ?*
,  ''''    .*
 ?*
     "-"  ... ?*
   - ?*
, ,  (   . , .)?*
,.?*
   I,     ,    ... ?*
    ?*
       ?*
     ?*
     ?*
,       ?*
,      ?*
   ?*
 " ,  "?*
 ?*
    1943., ,  ,      .  ?*
   .           ... ?*
         ... ?*
 ,  !/     .          .    ... ?* 
 ,       "  "   ?*
 -  ... ?*
  ?*
 ?*
,       ?*
   ?*
,           ?*
,   " ",     ?*
 , ,   .     ?*
 ,    ,       ?*
  ?*
 -     ... ?* 
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 , , ?*
?*
   ?*
  ?*
 " ",    " "?*
           ?*
   ?*
    ,     ...       -  ... ?*   
      ,    ... ?*
. ... ?*
 .  ?*
   ?*
,?*
      -     ?*
?*
 ,  <>  <>?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    200 .  ,       10   ,    ?*
    ?*
          : "  ,     ,  ,     ".  ... ?*
 ...  ,      (  ?)?*
 14     ,   29 -  .     .  ?*
 1488 .                    ... ?* 
 1491.        ... ?*
 1497 .      ()       14      ,      ... ?*
 1497-1499 .        ,  ,  ,        .  ?*  
 1502 .           ... ?* 
 1503 .      ... ?*
 1519 .               ... ?*
 1519-1521 .        ,      .   ... ?*
 1671       " ",     " ".   ?*
 1826          ,    ,       .      1827 ?*
 1830       --    9   .   ,      .  ?*
 1836 .             ",    ,     ",       .    ?* 
 1893           " "?*
 1897       ""    ... ?*4 
 1905      ""         3025 ,    600 .     ?*
 1916    ,   ", ,    ."    ?*
 1922       "    "?*-
 1933     -72 .        ?*
 1984     -    . ?*
 1984   ,       7  1944 .,        ...  ?*-
 1990   " "    .   ... ?* 
 20-     -    .  ?*
 60     ,      ,   ,    20  .   ... ?* 
 70-  20-  -      ,    .    ... ?*
 cxe - ay,  p ee - a,   a -  ... ?*
 XVI         ... ?*
 XVIII        ,  ,          ... ?*
 XVIII              , ,  ,   .    ?*
 XVIII              , ,  ,   .    ?*
  - 20,   - 18,   - 16,   - 15    - 13.  ?* 
    ,         - ... ?*
  -  ;    ?*
   1824       ?*
  - 11 ,  - - 5 ,    - ... ?*4 
       ?*
  -  ;    .  (19-20 .)?*
         ... ?* 
  ""           ,   ... ?* 
        ?*
       ?*
        " ".  ... ?*
        ?*
      -  . .     -  ... ?*
   -     , " ",      .    -  ,   .       - ... ?*
   -?*
  ,   .  ?*
   -  ,  ?*
         ... ?*
     ... ?*
    ,    ?*
      ... ?*
  - ,   - ,   - ,    - ... ?*
 ,  : ,       ,   ,      ?*
 yp y p "H  - "  ""     "H  - ... "?*
 -    ",    ".              ?*
 .   ?*
 ..     ?*
 ..   , ?*
   ,       ,     ?*
   -  ,     ?*
   -  ,     ,   ,    ,    ?*
   -      ,  ?*
   - ,  ,   .   ?*
    ,    ?*
    ,    ?*
   ,  ?*
  -      .    (  )?*
      ()?*
   24 .       ?*
       .    ?*
       .    ?*
      ,   ?*
 .  :  ?*
 .:    ?*
 .-..,    4 ?*
     ?*
   - ,  ?*
   - ,     ?*
   - ,     ?*
   -  ,  ?*
   -  . ,     ?*
  :    ,-  -?*
  -  ?*
      "     ".     ?*
       ,     -    .  ... ?*
       ?*
            ,  ,     .       ?* 
   -   ?*
   : "De gustibus non disputandum" (   ),   : " ...  "?*
    ?*
       ?*
    ( -  )   ,   ... ?* 
         ?*  
      . ?*
      ,    ?*
       ,      ... ?* 
  -  ,  ?*
    Scorpions <Wind of Change>      ... ?* 
   ,        ?*
  - ,   - ,   - ,    - ... ?*
      "-  -,   "?*
           "" ( -"",      - ).  ?*
   ,  "   ,    ..." - ?*
  ,       ... ?* 
    -   ,   (,   ,   , .   . )?*
 ,    ,          ?*
 :  ?*
          .   ?* 
  '' ''      ''    ''?*
          "     "?*
     ?*
      ?*
        ?*
       ?*
        ?*
    25  1977    (    1400   143 ,  42 ,    13 )?*
  ,     (" ")?* 
      ?* 
        "      "?*
     ?*
    -?*
    ,   ''woo''   Wu?*
    ?*
    ?*
              (5452 )?*
     ? *
     ?*
       -   ?*
          ?*
    ?*
        ?*
     ""  ""   ?*
     Peroni?*
      1998 ?*
       "13 "?*
     - ?*
        1556 .   800 000 ?*
     ,       ?*
    " "?*
      ? (''B ...'')*
  (-)     ?*
   ,       ,        ?*
      ?*
       ?*
     ?*
     . ?*
       " "?*
  , ,  ? ''B ...''*
   ""         "  "(   73,7  )?*1964
   Microsoft        Windows 1.0,    ?*1983
         -?*1982
        (         e    " ")?*1907
        " "?*1967
       ?*1984
   -    30-   ?*1959
       ?*1980
            ?*1961
      ,       ""?*
       ?*
    ?*
       ?*
      ?*
        ?*
        1894   ?*
     ?*-
      ,    : "  ,    ."?*
     -?*
    ?*
       ?*
      ?*
        ?*
  -     ?*
     ?*
    -,   ,    ?*
        ?*
      ''''?*
    : "   ,   !"?*
    "  ,     "?*
    "  " (" ")?* 
           ?*  
       ?*
      "    !"?* 
     ?*  
     : ",  ,  "?*
   ,     ""    (./.)?*last action hero
          (530 )    -?*
        ?*
         : ,   ... ?*
   ,     ... ?*
      " ". ?*
     :  ?*
   80-   ""   .       90-?*
  ,       ... ?* 
 ..   ?*
        1975  1977 ..?*
     ?*
      ,   ,  ,   ?*
  ( )    ...  ?*
  ,  3 .   -,  3 . -.     ?*3,1
  1988.       ,     .   ... ?*
      ?*
    ?*
 :      ?*
      ... ?*
              ?*
  :  ,  ?*
             .     (/)?*
        (    ,  ).  ... ?* 
  - ,   - ?*
      ( :)     ?*
      -   ?*
    ,    ?*
     ,    ?*
      65           . ?* 
       : " , , -  , !  !" ?*  
          ?*
  " "        -  , ,   -  ... ?*
      1912      : "   ,    ".  ?*
    .     ...-  ?*
        ,     ?*
    ""?*
      - " "?*
       ,  "  "?* 
  "  " : "    ,  ...   !"?*
   ""    ,       ...?*
  .  '' ''   ?*
     ... ?*
        ?* 
    34   -  -   .. ,   ... ?*
        ... ?*
    ""     ,    ... ?*
     ?*
   :   -  ...   ?*
 ,     ,  ?*
 :  , ?*
  - ,  , ?*
   -  ?*
    ?*
      - .   ?*
   ,  ?*
   17 :   ?*
   . 18 .     ,     ,   ?*
   ,    ;  .?*
   - ,       .    ,  ,    -  ... ?* 
     '' ...''.*
   ,     ().      .  1991     , -?*
   ""      ...?* 
         ,         .  ?*
      "     "?*  
   -   - , ?*-
        ""       .   ?*
       ,     ,      .       ?*
 .  -   ?*
 .  .  ?*
 .  .    ?*
 .  .  - ?*
            " ".  ... ?*
  .  . ?*
     . ?*
       , ?*
  -  ?*
    -   (,  )?*
 :   ?*
  - ,    - ,    -  ... ?*
     ... ?*
      , : "   ,    "?*-
           .     ... ?* 
       ?*
   -  ?*
    "  "  ... ?*
  "  "    . ?*
  " "   ?*
  ""     ... ?* 
  " "    ... ?*
   -  ,   ""?*
  :     ,     ,     ?*
              "".       .  ...?*
   :  -  ,  - ,       -  ... ?*
    ?*
            ?*
     ... ?*
         "", "", "", ""  ""?*
       ,   .     ... ?*
        ?*
  ,   ,   ''...''?*
   -        ?*
   ,    ?*
           (224  217 /100 ).       -  ... ?*
     : ,  , .  ... ?* 
     : ,  , .  ... ?*
           -   ... ?* 
    1801           ?*
         -  (6960 )?*
      ,   ,   ,    ,       . ,  ,    ,     ?* 
        ,  ,     ?* 
        ?*-
   -  .  , . , . . ?*
   26  1972      ?*
        ( IX )?*
        ?*
       ""?* 
       ,      -    ?*
        ,    ,     " "?*
         : " - , ". ?*
          ,      ?*
  :      ,         ?*26 
          ?* 
             -?*
         ?*
 ..,?*
 ..-?*
 .(),?*
 -?*
 ""?*
 ?*1242
 ?*
 (250)?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 :",,"?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ""?*
. ,   ,     "",      ... ?*
oo-coa,oecoaoe ?*
oo o o*
               . ?*-
      ?*
   ?*
    ?*
      ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ,   1979,    ?*
 ...      ?*
   ?*
     ?*
 -  ,   ... ?*
 ... -     ?*
 ... (-    )?*
  ?*
   1  1999  ?*
 , ,     ?*
   ?*
  ", !"?*
?*
     ?*
 ,    ,   ()       ?*
,  ?*
     ( 1353).    .  " " 2.   1326-1359.  ?* 
  (.)?*
   ,   ,   ,      ?*
   (),  1918      ,        ?* 
      ,       ?*
,  ,   - .  (  )?*
,  (  )?*
      -  ,  .            .     ?* 
,   -  ... ?*
  ?*
   ... ?*
      ... ?*
 ,  ,  ?*
,        .  ?*
-?*
,     ?*
?*
 ,  ,     ?*
,  ?*
  ?*
   ?*
    . ?*
  ,  ?*
  . ,    ?*
   ?*
    . ,  ?*
.,?*
   ?*
,     ... ?*
,?*
 ?*
      ?*
 ,    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 -H : " ...  ,  ."?*
 ?*
   ,          ,       ?*
   ?* 
       .  ?*
  -?*
        ,  ,  :-  ?*
   ?*
    ,  ?*
 ,  ,/    .    ,   ... ?* 
    ?*
 ?*
 . ,                  (. .)?*
c,  *
 -  ?*
       ?*
     ?*
,    ?*
,    ?*
,.()?*
,.?*
,?*
, ?*
,    ?*
 ,     ?*
,    ,       ?*
  ,      (,   . .),    .   19 ,    - ?*
  ?*
     ,    -   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ,    "" ?*
      ?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    ?*
 , ""     ?*
   , ?*
     ?*
  -          ,      19 .        1924 .,    1924 .?*
 ,    ?*
 ,    ?*
 ,    ?*
 ,    ?*
 ,   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
?*
,?*
         ?*
  ?*
,        ,         .    ?*
  ?*
 ,  " "   ""  ?*
,""""?*
?*
 ......?*
    ,   -  ...    ,      ?* 
 , ?*
?*
,   - ?*
   ?*
   ?*
  ?*
           .   ...?*
  ?*
     "",         17 - 39?*
     ?*
 ?*
             "     "?*
    ?*
(.)?*
(.)?*
?*
     ?*
   ,        ,         -  ?*
    ; 1/25 ?*
 ,        ?*
 ""?*
 ?*
     : " ,    "?* 
         ,     ... ?*
    . . ,  ,     ?*52
     -,       ?*
        " ... "?*
   ?*
       ?*
       ?*
     ''    '' (''B ...'')?*
     ?*
,.,?*
 -  , "" -  ?*
 "-" (.)?*
  ?*
,   ?*
   ?*
 ,  -      ?*
 .     ()    ()?*
    ?*
  ?*
   ,   ?*
?*
,     (, )   ?*
    ?*
   ?*
,,?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,,,?*
  ?*
,   , ?*
 "!"   ... ?* 
 " !" -  ?*
   , -  ... ?*
   ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
      ,         .  ... ?*
,            ?*
 ?*
,       II?*14  
    ?*
 ?*
    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
      .          .        32,  - 44.      ?*
         1783 ?*
  ?*
 -?*
 ?*
?*
     ?*
  ?*
    ?*
 : "   ,     - ... "?*
-  ,    ... (  " ")?*
-        "",     ,      ( /.  )?*
-  ,   ,  . ?*
  ?*
    ?*
 ()?*
      ,       ,    .  ...  ,   . ?*
   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
   , ?*
  ,?*
,?*
   ?*
,?*
   ... ?*
    -   ,   .   ?*
 - ?*
     ,  ,  - ... )  )  )    )   ?*
  : )  73 .  . . )  73 .   )  1973 . )    ?*
       ?*
 ,  ,      (  )?*
 ?*
  : ",  e   , ,    ..."?*
 ,      ?*
   ?*
 ?*
   ?*
    ?*
  - ?*
  ?*
 - .    .........    , , ,  ( )?*
   ?*
 ?*
,   ?*
,      .  ?*
    ?*
  ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 , ?*
 ,    ?*
 ?*
?*
.  .    ?*
  , , ,     ,        . -  . ?*
  ?*
 ,?*
,?*
,""?*
,  ...?*
 1                        .  ... ?* 
        ,     .   ... ?* 
     "".          ?*
     "20000   "       "...   "?*80000
     - Dr. Watson.   (/)?*
 ?*
(.)?*
,       .   ,   ,    -  ?*
 ,    ?*
     ?*
      : "  ...  ,   "?*
    : "  - ..."?* 
    : "    ,    ..."?*
    ?*
   ,   ... ?*
    ?*
  .?*
     - ... ?*
   ,     ?*
?*
  ()?*
     .       ,     - ?*
      ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 .*
,?*
,            ?*
     ""?       ?*
 ,  ,    ,    - ? - ?*
   ,    ,          . - ?*
 ?*
, ?*
,   ?*
, ?*
     ... ?*
 , , , ,  : " -", "  ", ""?*
    ?*
       ,     ... ( ,   - )       . ?*
   (1829-1905),   "  "?*
    ?*
,,?*
 , ,  -?*
 -  , ?*
  ?*
      ?*
  .      500 000  ,     ,     .   ""?*
   ?*
   ?*
       ... ?*
      ?*
 "   "  - ,       ... ?* 
 "  "       XIX .     ""?*
,  ?*
(,)?*
 ?*
?*
?*
       ?*
    ?*
      ?*
   ?*
 ?*
       (8846,1 )?*
    ?*
    ?*
    (1054 )   ... ?*
  ?*
 ,   ?*
   ,  ?*
,?*
-?*
?*
,?*
    "  "       .    ?*80000
  ?*
      ?*
    -  ?*
    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
    ?*
oaco  pe?*
oc  p*
''''   ,     .*
 -    ,          ... ?*
,    ?*
- ?*
,,?*
-?*
.?*
   ?*
?*
      - '' '' (''...'')?*
      ?*
   "  "?*
      ,    ?* 
    ?* 
       ''...''?*
   ??*
   ?*
   ,   80-   ?*
    (B ...)?*
      ?*
   ? '' ...''*
    ""  ?*
   -98?*
    .  ""?* 
    : '',   ,     ''?*
  ,  -?* 
    ?* 
?*
?-.",,"-.?*
   ... ?*
  ,    1812 ?*
,  -  1877-78 ?*
  ?*
   : " ,     ,  ,        ..."?*
  ,  "    ,   -  ".   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,  ,      .       ,            ... ?*
 ,  . 2600 .        2 . ?*
 ,  . 570 .       340 . ?*
  .    ?*
 (  )?*
1919-44?*
 , ?*
   " "?*
    1934     ... ?* 
  .  ""?*
   " "?*
  "  "?*
   ,     ?*
  .?*
   ?*
 ""?*
 "   "      ... ?* 
 ,  , .   ?*
 . ?*
  ?*
    : "!      :     .   ""  ... ?*
      .?*
   . ?*
  .. "-"?*
  . ?*
   (1943, );      .?*
 .   "  ,   "?*
,,:"!"?*
    I      ,        .     ?*
  (14 ),  ,        .     ?*
: "  ,   ... "?*
    ?*
    ?*
?*
   - ?*
?*
  ,            ?*
 ,     ?*
 ,     ?*
 ,    ?*
  ?*
, ?*
 ,   ?*
   -  ... ?* 
        ?*
?*
    ?*
  ?*
   ?*
    "  "  ?*
 ""   .   1943-1949 ?*
  ?*
  ''''   -?*
  ?*  
.?*
   " " ?* 
 (.)?*
 ?*
 ""?*
  ?*
     ?*
  ,    ... ?*
 ?*
  ,  ?*
       395     ,     ,   ... ?*
 , , , , , , , ...    - ... ?*
     ,    -?*
 ?*
, ?*
   ?*
 - "",  ... ?*
 - "",  .....?*
        ... ?*
,     ?*
,         -,      .  ?* 
: "   ,     ... "?*
: "   ...,   ?*
  ,     ?*1737
      ?*1917
,    ?*1242
'' '' ?*
 ?*
 ,    : " ", " ", "", "", " ", "-9",...?*
   ?*
           ,    ?* 
?*ibm
      ... ?* 
  ?*
 ?*
   ?*
   ?*
o a eep *
,         ?*
  ,     ... ?*
 ,       ""    200    ( )?*
  ?*
 ?*
    ?*
    ?*
      ?*
     ?*
   ?*
 -    1992 .    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ,   ?*
  ,  ?*
   .?*
  ,       ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ?*
  . .;  -?*
   ?*
     ?*
   .*
   ,   ?*
   .*
  ,  ?*
  ,  ?*
  ,  ?*
  ?*
  . ?*
  ?*
  ?*
          ?*
   -     1900 ?*
       ?*
   ,    ?*
  ,  ?*
     ?*
   ?*
    ?*
  ?*
 ,   ?*
  " ":   - -,   - ?*
  ?*
,?*
,   " "?*-
,    ,   4     ?*
,      ?*-
,   19  ?*
,       ?*
,        7 ?* 
,   ,       ?*
,    ?*
,,?*
,""?*-
,1945?*
-?*
-  ?*
-  ,  ?*
-    - ?*
-  ?*
-  ?*
-    - ?*
-  ?*
-  ?*
--  ?*
--     ,  ?*
     ()?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
,?*
   , ?*
.,?*
  ?*
   ?*
   ?*
.  ?*
.  ; ,   ?*
.  . ?*
.  ,   ?*
   ?*
 ;   (  )?*
 ,       ?*
  ?*
  ?*
       ( ): , , ?*
       ( ): , , ?*
  ?*
?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?* 
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*-
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*- 
  ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?* 
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
     ?*
,  (    )     ?*
  ,  ,     -      .  ?*
       ?*
     2-  -  ... ?* 
     4-  ( 1724) -  ... ?* 
     7-  ( 1745) - ... ?*
    ?* 
      ?*
       ?*
      ?*
?*
 ... (..)?*
,    ,  ?*
  (.)?*
   "",  - "",  - "",     ... ?*
  ?*
  ?*
, <>,   ,     ?*
,    ?*
,   , - , ,   , - ...?*
,   ?*
  ?*
 ?*
  -     40-50 .  ?*
    ?*
?*
    ?*
,?*
...?*
 ,     ?*
  12 ?*
   ,    ?*
  1?*
      ?*
 "Chilli Willi & Red Hot Peppers" -  -   ... ?*1972
  ,  3 .   . ?*
 ,   ?*
 ?*
       ?*
 ,                ?*
   ,     ,  ?*
  ?*
?*
,    " "?*
  ?*
     ?*
        ?*
  ?*
,...?*
  ,       ?*
         ( )?*
    ... ?*
. , . ,  ,   ,   ..      ,    ?* 
   ?*
,     ,  ,    -  -  !" -  .. ?*
,    , ,    , ,   ,   ... -  ?*
      18  1896 -           II.  1389 ?*
  ,         ...  ,     ,     . - ?*
       ,        ,     ... ?* 
, ....    ,       (  .  " ")?*
,   - (,   .., )?*
         ,      ?*
     , ?*
  ,    ?*
 ... -  . ?*
    (1942, 1943),  (1943).?*
    (1943), -  (1955).?*
    (1944,       ; 1945,   . ), - (1944).?*
   ,     ?*
   -       - ... ?*
a*
       ?*
   . ,     ?*
   ?*
 . ,  ?*
, ?*
?*
  (.)?*
   ?*
        ... ?* 
,?*
 ?*
?*
 ?*
,   ?*
-      .?*
 (.)?*
;-?*
     ,         ,    ?*
 , ?*
    ?*
 ,     ?*
    , ,      ?*
     ?*
?*
  .*
,?*
   ...         1820 .   ?*  
    ?*
  ?* 
?*
,      ,    ?*
 ?*
,    (       "  "),   ,   ... ?* 
 ..?*
  ?*
,      ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  -    ?*
      ?*
  ?*
 , ,     ?*
?*
?*
18.?*
?*
1996.?*
    ?*
        ?*
 ,    ?*
   "Apple Computer"  ... ?*1  
,-?*
   ,      ?*
 ?*
,?*
  y?*
    (   1943,   )?*
  ?*
 ?*
    ,    ?*
    ,    ?*
  ?*
,?*
;   ;   ?*
 ?*
.?*
    ?*
            ?*
 ,    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
         ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ,   ?*
  (  );  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 , ?*
  ?*
 -?*
   ?*
 ,    ?*
 ,      ?*
.,?*
,    ?*
, ?*
  : "       ..."?*
 ,    ,           .   17  1964         ... ?*
     .    ... ?*13
      ... ?*9 
  ?*
 ?*
  ,     XVI- XX ?*
       ?*
,?*
  ?*
   (/)?*
     ... ?*40000
   -  ... ?*35
    ?*
  ?*
 ,     ?*
,      ,       ?*
      (4 400 ) -  ... ?* 
      ?*
     ?*
    ,    -      ?*
      ?*
    ,     - ...  ( )?* 
    - ,    ... ?*
   ,    -  ?*
    NTFS  ... ?*
    "   ()".     ... ?*
     ?* 
      ''...''?*
       ,       .  ?*
,,.?*
AVP?*
    ()?* 
  ... ?*
 1962       (7495 ).   ... ?*
     ""      - ... ?*
            .   ?*
  20     ?*
1995Java?*
  - ,   -  ... ()?*
  ?*
   -?*
    .?*
   ?*
,?*
   ?*
             . ?*
    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
     ?*
-.?*
,      ,  ,      ,   ,      ?*
,,(..)?*
,   - ,  -?*
 "-"?*
    ,      ?*
  ?*
,?*
?*
,   , ?*
(.)?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ,  ,    .    ... -    . ?*
  ?*
 ?*
,.""- ... ?*
 ?*
     "  "      ... ?*
 ?*
 ,   1707 .?*
   -       ,     ,     ,   ?*
,?*
  ,           (  )?*
   ?*
 ,    ?*
 ,    ?*
 ,     ,   ,  ?* 
,   ,   ,  (   ),      , ,      18 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
,-?*
  , ,      ?*
  ,        ?*
   ?*
.   . , ?*
.  ?*
.-. ?*
eeeccy?*
   ?*
  - ?*
 ,      . ?*
 .*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,    ?*
 ?*
 ,       ?*
     ?*
.      ?*
 ,      : "    -    !"?*
     ?* 
 ?*
 ,   ""?*
  ?*
 -?*
 ?*
 -, " "?*
 ,    ""?*
   ,       ?* 
 ,           - ... ?*
  (.412-323  ..),        ,      .  ... ?*
  (.460-371  ..),  . ,       ?*
   , ,   ,    ?*
              .    ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ,  - (. .)?*
  ?*
    (   4 . ).   120 ,   22 .          .  ?*
   ,    ,  ... ?*
    ?*
?*
: Malum consilium est, quod mutari non potest. -   ,  ... ?* 
    ?*
   .*
- ,      ?*
  ,       ... ?* 
  ,       ,      - ... ?*
 ,      ,    .  ?* 
,?* 
        ?*
 ,     ?*
 ,   ,    ... ?* 
  ,       1812 ?*
   : "  ,      ..."?*
      ?*
  ?*
,.?*
,(.)?*
,,?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   : " -  :   ,   ... ?*
    !, -  ,    ... ?* 
    "   "?* 
    " "?*
          - ,    ?*
 ,   - ...?*   
  ?*
?*
  ?*
, ?*
    ,      ?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
, , ?*
, , , , ...         ?*
    .            -   ?*
  ?*
  ,    ,   0-0,2 /, 0   -  ... ?*
 ?*
   ?*
c e poa "12 ce",  apo o  y...*
   (6:19): "     ,    ...       "?*
  ,  "    ..."?*
,        ?*
 : "   ,   ..."?*
     ?*
 ,    " "?*
 ?*
 ,       .   1922 ?*
      ?*
?*
          ,   .      - ... ?* 
    ",  "?*
    ?*
     ?*
    : "   !"?* 
     ?*
     4 ,    - 6,            .  ... ?* 
 ,   : "","", "", "", ""  ""?*
  -   .         ,    -  .  ?* 
  4 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 4     -  ... ?*
    ,    ,     ,    .  ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ,  4  (4,54609 )?*
  ,  4  (4,54609 )?* 
  ,  115,627  -   ... ?*
 ,  2,83168 . -  ... ?*
  = 0, 987 ?*
     :  yd?*
 ,   ,   "",  4,21752 ?*
 ,   ,  351,46 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
     ( )?*
   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
      ,  31,1035  -  ... ,   ?*
    ,  14,5939 ?*
 ,  373,242  -  ... ,   ?*
 ,  453,592  -  ... ?*
 ?*
  ,    -  ?*
   .  ?*
 ,  4   10 . (4046,86 .)?*
   .          .    -   1  2,   - 4  8(  )?*
   ?*
    -  ... ?*
    -  ... ?*
    ?*
   ,  0.376 ?*
     .    ?*
 ?*
,,.,?*
,1?*
:1?*
:1.?*
:,11?*
,1?*
,:?*
   ,         -    ... ?*
  ,     ?*
    ?*
    "",  ,   ,    :      ... ?*
    ?*
     -      ...  "  "?*
  ,  "  "    ... ?* 
 -      ?*
 ,   (     / ""),        .  ?*
      ?*
     ,   ,       ... ?*
     ?*
֠:",,,..."?*
-     Sega?*
;   ?*
    ,        ?*
       .  ?*
   : "        "?*
   :"        "?*
        ,      ?*
     ,     ... ?* 
    ,     ?*
     40  ,    ... ?*
   , ,   ... ?* 
  . , "  - ...  "?*
   "12 ",      ...?*
    ,    ,      ?*
   ,  ,   "" -?*
   ,           ,         .   ?*
    ...,  ,    . (  )?*
    -           -      6 ,    1,5 .?*
  -,    -... ?*
   ,   ... ( )?*
  ,  ,    ,  ...?*
   ,    ,   ?*
    " "  "  ",   ... ?*
  ,     ?*
    ,  ,    ... ?*
    ,/   ./     ,/  -.     ... ?*  
  - ,   - ... ?*
     ,   ,   ... ?*
  "",   - ... ?*
    ,      - .  ... ?*
     ,    ?*
         ,       ?* 
,,?*
.,,-...?*
      ,   . ?*
  ,    ?*
      ,   .      . ?*
  ""  ... ?*
?*
:,...(.)?*
   ..., ,     ?* 
  ?*
/   ?*
   ""  ?*
  : " -    ... "?*
-  : "    ,     ... "?*
  ?*
  ?*
 . ; . .?*
  ?*
  ?*
, ?*
      ?*
  ?*
 ,  ?*
   ?*
, , ,  -   ?*
  ?*
     ?*
- ,   ?*
 . ?*
 ?*
 ?*
         ?*
  ?*
,  ,     ?*
,,?*
      .*
 ?*
       ... ?*
 ?*
 ,       ?*
?*
?*
?*
    ,     ?*
    ... ?*
,    ,      ?* 
,      ,  " "?*
,  - ,  - ?*
,   ;  ; . ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 , ?*
     ?*
 ,     ,   ?*
    ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  .       .    2 ,   300 . 4 .  . 3     ?*
    ?*
 .?*
  ,    ?*
  ,     ?*
,       ?*
,     ?*
,?*
  ?*
, "  "?*
, "  "?*
,      ,  ?*
 ?*
-?*
      ?*
 ,     ,?*
,          ?*
,    ?*
,   ,    ?*
       -            ... ?*
 ?*
 -?*
    ?*
 -?*
  ?*
 ,  -  ?*
  (   . ),   - ,    ?*
 -?*
 ?*
 ?*
 . ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 ?*
     ?*
  ;     . -,  4,5-6,5 .  , ,   ,   ?*
?*
 ,    ?*
          .    ... ?* 2
         ... ?*50000
           .      ""  ""?* 
            " ".    ... ?*
         ..?*
    1938      ... ?* 
   ,     ... ?* 
        ?*
          ?*
        '' ...''?*
   ? '' ...''*
   ?*
       .  ... ?*
    -    -  ... ?*
,   ?*
 ?*
 ,   ?*
,       ,   ,       ""   ?*
  ?*
?*
 : "   ..."?*
 : "    ... "?* 
 : "  - ... "?*
 : ''  - ...''*
  ?*
      ?*
         -     . ?* 
   ... : "  ;  ,  ;     ,    "?*
   ... : "  ,    - ; ,   ,   "?*
: " ."  ?*
: ",   . ,   ."  ?*
: "   ,   ,   ,   ."  ?*
: "  ,   ,      ."  ?* 
: "  ,    -   ."  ?*
: " - ,    .   ""."  ?*
: ", ...,   ."  ?*
: "     ."  ?* 
: "   ,  "" ,   ,  , ."  ?*
: "    ,   ,    ."   ,   ,     ... ?*
: "   ,     "?*
: "    "?*
: "  -  ."  ?*
: "  - ,   ,  "" "?*
: "  ,   ."  ?*
: "  ,    ."  ?*
: " ,  ...  : , ...    ."     ?*
: "   ,    ."  ?*
: " ,  ,  ,  ."  ?*
: "  " "?*
: "  "?* 
: " ,   ,   "?* 
: "    ,    "?* 
: "   "?* 
: " ,  .   -  ."  ?*
: "       "?*
: "    "?*
: "    ."  ?*
: "       ."  ?*
: "--:    - ."  ?*
: "   ,  ,  ."  ?*
: "      "?*
: " :  ,  ,  ,  "?*  
: " :  -   "?* 
: " : ,    "?*
: "    , ,  !"?*
: "   ,    "?*
: "   ,    "?* 
: "  :   ?"      ... ?* 
: " :   , - "?*
: "     "?*
     ?*
,  ?*
, ?*
,?*
,  ?*
   ?*
  ?*
 ?*
    ,     - ?*
   ?*
?*
   ?*
        ?*
             ... ?* 
     ?*
  : "    ... "?*
  : "  ,   - ..."?*
   : " -  ,   ... "?*
   "  ,   ..."?*
    ?*
''''  .*
,      ?*
  ,   , ?*
   ?*
   ?*
  .  ,  ?*
  .  ?*
   ?*
. ?*
?*
?*
  ""  ,  -   ,   ?*
  ?*
, ,  ?*
   ?*
    ?*
    ?*
, ,  ?*
 ?*
 ,   ?*
        ?*
     ?*
,,.?*
   , ?*
  : "      ... "?*
    ?*
     ?*
   -?*
 , ; ,    ?*
.?*
,?*
?*
     ?*
?*
?*
   ?*
   ?*
 ?*
  ?*
,  ?*
     ,    ( )?*
?*
  ?*
 ,           ,   .          45 .      ?* 
   ?*
   2   (     ),      ,       ?*
 ,   ?*
    , ?*
  ?*
,?*
  ?*
(.)?*
,     ?*
       ?*
,    ,  ?*
    ?*
    ?*
   ?*
   ?*
 ,   ?*
  ,     ?*
  ,  23.55   ?*
,?*
,""?*
  .    ?*
 ?*
        ,             .  ?*
 (.)?*
,    , , ,       ?*
,?*
 ?*
     ?*
  , ""    ,    ?*
,?*
()?* 
,"",?*
,  ,/ , !/  /    .      ... ?*
, , ...  ... ?*
  ,  ... ?*
 ?*
,,?*
 ?*
  (.)?*
    ?*
             ?*
    4 .   (  10-18 ),   ,   80%      90%  .      ,   ?*
   ?*
, ""    ?*
 ?*
,   ,    ,   ..., ,     ! (., " ")?*
, , ,  - ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
?*
 ?*
,  ?*
    ( )?*
, ,  ( )?*
  -?*
  ?*
  ?*
,     ( 10 )?*
    " ..."     ""?*
-?*
 ?*
       ?*
 .*
 ?*
  ?*
,?*
(.)?*
?*
?*
,(.)?*
      ?*
   ?*
   ,   ?*1
   ,    ?*
 ?*
?*
    " " ?*
,   9 ,   10  (,   )?*
  -?*
  " "  ... ?* 
  '' ''  ...*
""?*
 ?*
 , ,       ?*
   -   "  "?* 
  ,         1758  - " "( ),  ,     ?* 
, ?*
,,?*
,  ,  ?*
   (.) , ?*
   (.-.) , ?*
   (.)   : , ?*
   (.)  ,       - ?*
   (.)  ?*
   (.-.) , ?*
   (.-.)  ?*
   (.-) ?*
   (.  .) ?*
    1  ?*
      ?*
 - (.)?*
   21 ,     ,  ... ?*
  -  ?*
 ?*
 - " ,  ",      -?*
 ,  ?*
  ,   ?*
  ,    ?*
  ,   ?*
  ,   ,   ?*
    .     ?* 
   ,    ?*
  ,   ?*
  ,   ?*
   ...    ! )  )  )   )   ?*
 ,   ?*
  !"   ,    ..." - - . ?*
    ,/  / , /   .  "  "  .    ?* 
  ,   ?*
   ?*
 ,  ?*
  ,   ?*
 ,  ?*
  ,  , ""      ?*
 ,  ,   -?*
 ,  ,   ?*
  ,     ?*
 ,  ?*
 -,  -?*
 , ? -   . ,   , ,  , : " , ..."?* 
 ,   -  ?*
    ,  ,      ?*
Ƞ.?*
Ƞ"",?*
Ƞ,?*
copeca c *
         ,      .   ?*
 , " ", " -"?*
?*
 ,      ?*
  ?*
    ?*
  ,     ?*
         ?*
  ""?*
.(...)?*
,       IV,   "      "?*
,    ?*
,,""?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ,      ?*
 ?*
,?*
     "",  -  "",  -  "".     ?*
-      19 .?*
 ?*
  , -?*
       ?*
?*
  . : "...    "?*
  . : "   ...  "?*
  . : "     ..."?*
        -    .      ... ?*
   : Prius quam incipias, consulto opus est. "  , ..."?*
   -    ,    ,  .   "  ..."?*
   - ,        .  ,    ?*
  : ,    ,     ( )?*
      .       ... ?*
        ,   ?*
        ?*
      ?*
    ''''?*
          ?*
   ,    ?*
  :   ,    -?*
      ?*
  : , ""  ?*
       ?*
 ,     ,    ?*
?*
?*
    ?*
  ,   ""  '?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
  . ?*
 ,   ?*
   ?*
 ,      .*
,     .   : "", "", "", "", "", "".    ?*
?*
,   ,  , ?*
  ,    ,   ?*
  ,      "  ", " "  ?*
  ?*
 -,  , ,      ?*
   ?*
       ... ?* 
  ?*
         ,   ?*
 " "    ?*
""Π?*
  , ,   ..,    ,    ?*
  ?*
         ?*
,   ?*
-         "Episode 1"?*
-     ,     1986     .    ?*
-       ?*
-  ,   ,        "- ".    ?*
   " "?*
    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
?*
 -   ?*
-?*
               ... . ?*
,        ,  ... ?* 
   . ?*
,?*
  ?*
 ,    2      ?*
,    ?*
 ?*
,?*
o, ac*
     ...*
    ?*
    ,     . ?*  
        1846 ?*
           ?*
        ?*
           34-627,       .  ?*'
    -    1704    ,    .  ?*
        : , , -  ?*-
         ?*1947
           ?*
    -  1911    "",        ?*
  " "    ,         .   ... ?* 
        ?*
          ,   746 .  ?* 
            .  ... ?* 
   ,   ,     (   ),      . ?*
    "  "?*
        ,      ?* 
              .    ?*
             ?*
   ,      ,   ?*
  ,    ,        .   ?*
  -    .  ?*  
  (    1953)        ?*
     "   "   .   ... ?* 
              -   ' -   ... ?* 
    "  "?* 
     ,  "  ,    - "?*
     ,     ?*
       -  ?* 
        ?*
         ?* 
           ?*
       ,     ,        ?*
       (   , 1916 )?*
      ,   ?*
        ... ?*
       ,   ?*25 
     ?*32
       ?*4
     ""?*5
  ,   ,    ?*33
     ,   ?*8
     ,  ?*
       ?*
     . (..)?* 
   : "    ,   ...",    : " ,   ...".  ... ?* 
  -     1752   ?* 
         -?*
      ,   1814 ?*  
        ?*
      ,        -    -  ... ?*
         "  " - ?*   
      ,     1574 ?*
  -  "    "  ?*
  -  ?*
       ,   ,      - ... ?*
     ,        ?*
 ,    ,      .  ?*
          ?*
             -  ,     -  ... ?*
        .  ?*
           .   ... ?*
        ?*
      "", "", "", ""  "-"?*
   (- - "")       ( ).   - ... ?*
      .   ?* 
      ,      .   ?*
          . ?*
         ,     ... ?* 
         XV?*
          ()     1946 ?*
   : " ,  !"?*
     ,     ,       .   ?*
           . . ?* 
     -     " "?*
          ?*
        : "     : "! ! , - !"?* 
   -      - -    ,    - ... ?* 
8?*
       ,     - .    ... ?*
 - I        .    ... ?*
   12  1755 . (. ),   ,     ... ?*
 ""    ?*
 "  "   ?*
  ,   ""      ?*
  ,         ?*
  ?*
   / "Pulp fiction"?*
   ?*
    ?*
   ?*
   ""?*
   ,       ?*
   -?*
 , ,  ,           ?*
  ,   - ?*
 ,            ("  " . ")?*
   ?*
        ?*
  ?*
     ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ,    ?*
    ?*
     ()?*
    ?*
  -   ?*
  ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
      ?*
     .  "  "?*
 ,  : "", "", ""?*
?*
""-"-"?*
-?*
;   . ;  ?*
  .  ,      ...  -    ... ?* 
 ?*
     ?*
     .  ,     (    )?*
      ?*
,""?*
     ?*
?*
 ?*
     (1861-1941),   ,  : " ,   "?* 
   ,   ?*
-?*
       ,     ,   ,       .      ,  ?*
   ?*
;     . ?*
.     ?*
   ?*
    ?*
   ?*
    ?*
    ?*
    ?*
       ?*
   ?*
    ?*
 ,    ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 ?*
,?*
?*
 ?*
,.?*
,    -?*
   ?*
  ?*
?*
-  ?*
   ,  ?*
,50-80?*
        .  ... ?*
yopa,aep. ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ,  ?*
  ?*
  ,     ?*
 ,         ?*
  ?*
.   .   . ?*
 ?*
        ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,  ?*
     (.)?*
   ?*
      -,,,    ?*
  ?*
,    ,   -?*
 ,  ?*
  : " ,    ..."?*
:",..."?*
 (  )?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    ,  ?*
     ?*
 ,   ?*
?*
   -    -  ... ?* 
     , ?*
    / " "?*
     "  "?*
    ''17  ''?*
  " ", "  "?*
       "" ( "" 1972 .)?*
    -  . "-  "?*
  " "?*
  " "?*
  "  "   ?*
      " "?*
      / .  " "?*
    " "   ... ?*
,?*
    ?*
,    ,       ?*
,,?*
  ,   ?*
.?*
  .*
-,,..?*
    -  ?*
  ?*
  -   ,   ?*
   ,  ,   ?*
.  15-16 .?*
. ?*
         -   .    ?*
 ?*
 ,   "", "   "?*
 , : "", "", "", "", ""?*
 , , ?*
 -?*
   . ,   ,  ,   ?*
    ,    ?*
  ?*
  ,  ,    ...?*
 ,   ?*
      ?*
        : '''' , '''' ,  ''''  2 ''?*
    ?*
     ?*
     ? ''K ...''*
      ?*
   ?*
       "  , !"    ?*
     : , , , , , , ?*
       ?*  
         ,  ., ., .?*
/ ?*
a xa o  o , o oo  yo a ?*
ao cay  y a*
. ?*
 -   ... ?*185
,?*
  ,   ?*
   ,   ...    . ?*
       ... ?*6000
    ,   -      ... ?*
 ,  ?*
     ?*
   ,     ,   ... ?*
 -    , -   ... ?* 
  ,    " ",  ... ?*
,"" - ... ?*
 .   1582-85      ?*
 ?*
   ,  ?*
       " "?*
  - " "?*
  90-      ?*
       ?*
  .   ?*
     ,      ?*
     ?*
      ?*
     ?*
      ,      60- ?*
     ,    ?*
   XX     ?*
     ?*
    ?*
    ?*
       "-"?* 
        ?*
    ,    ?*
         ?*
     , ,           ?*
    /      .    ... ?*
           ?*
     ,     ?*
   ,  ?*
      ?*
   ?*
    '' ''?*
      '' -  - ''?*
   ?*
   ?*
    -   ?*
         ?*
    ?*
    ?*
   ?*-
    ?*
      ?*
     -?*
   -  ?*
    ?*
   ?*
       ?*
   ?*
        "   "?*
      ?*
      .  "  "?*
  ,   ?*
  ,     ,   : "   ,   !"?*
   ,   "  "?*
      ?*
      "   "?*
    ,      ?*
      "   "?*
   ,       " 1"?*
 ,  -  .    ,    .       ?*
    ?* 
  ,      " "?*
    ?*
     ?*
    ?*
     ,        ?*
      ,   ,    ?* 
   ,     " "?*  
     ?*
       ?*  
       ?*
        ,    ?*
       ,    ?*
       ?*
  1/100  ?*
     ?*
   ,   ?*
      ?*
          ?*
     ,          ?*
      ,    ?*
         ?*
    ?*
     ?*
   ,     ,   ?*
    ,   ?*
   ?*
   ,   ?*
       ?*
      ,   ?*
     3,5 ,   6 ,   ,    ,   ,  ,   ,   ?*
       ?*
       ?* 
   ?*
   ,          ?* 
  -   ?*
   ?*
    ?*
       ( )?*
    , ?*
      ?*
       ?*
   ,  , ,  ?*
    ,   ?*
     2-   ?*
    ,   ?*
   ?*
  ,   ?*
         ?*
    ?*
      '' ''?*
        ?*
     ,      4 .  ..?*
          ?*
       ?* 
  ,       ?*
       ?*
  ,     ?*
      ?*  
        ?*
  ,     ?* 
    ?*
  ,   -   ?* 
       ?*
      "" ?*
     ?*
       "  "?* 
     ?*
    ?*
   -  ?*
   ,    ?*
    -     ?*
  ,        ?*
   ?*
  ,  5-6 ,   4  ,     ?*
     ?*
     ,         ?*
      ,      ?* 
   ,    ?*
   ,   1890 ?*
     .  19      - ?*
    " "?* 
    ,    1799    ?*
   ,   ?*
     ?*
   ,    ?*
  ,     ?*
    ?*
      ?*
     ?* 
      ?*
     ,       ?*
    XVII - XVIII .   ?*
   ,          ?*
   ,     ?*
       ?*
    ?* 
  , ,   ,    ?*
           XV-XVII ?*
       ?*
               " "?* 
      ?* 
    ?*
    1916.   ?* 
      ?*
   ?*
   ?*
  ,    ?*
   ?*
      '''', '''', ''     ''?*
    ?*
    ?*
    -?*
   ?*
    ?*
     ( ,    )?*
  ,     ?*
    ,       ?* 
      ?*
    ,    .  332   .?* 
      ?*
     ,      ... ?*
       ""?*
   ""    ?*
    ?*
 -   ?*
 -   ""?*
      "   "?*
    ,    " "?*
   I  ?*
    ?*
   ''''   ''''?*
   ""?*  
      ?*
     ""?*
   ,           ?*
   ,     " "?*
        ? ("  " . ")?*
      ?*c
     ,    ?*
  ,      . ,  , -     ... ?*
  "  "   ""?*
      .  . '' ''?*
     ?*
-""?*
?*
""?*
,(-"")?*
,?*
""?*
?*
,?*
,?*
("")?*
,.332.?*
       ?*
        - ?*
      ?*
    "   !"?*
        ?*
      ?*
  ,  -- ,    ?*
     ?*
     20 ,     80?*
         ?*
 ,     ,    ?*
          1812 ?*
      ?*
      20- ?*
     ,   -  ?*
     ?*
       24-    ?*
       ?*
    ,    ?*
          ""  1607 ?*
    864 000 ?*
     16 ?*
        - 17?*
         ?*
    XII    ?*
     10   15?*
     10   -15?*
     10   -18?*
     10   -2?*
     10   6?*
     10   -6?*
     10   -9?*
          ,   ?*
  '''' ?*
     ?*
           1960 ?*
     ?*
         ?*
     ?*
 ,    ,        ?*
     ,    ?*
  ''''   ?*
     ?*
      ?*
    ?*
  -  ?*
      ?*
     ?*
   1868    ?*
      ?*
     ?*
     ?*
      ?*
       ?*
    ""   -   ?*
    ""   -   ?*
      ?*
     .  ()?*
        2500    ?*
    ,       ?*
     96   ?*
       ?*
       ?*
     , , ,  ,    ,     ""?*
,?*
?*
?*
          1810 .?*  
       VII .  ..?*
     ?*
 ,       ?*
   ?* 
 ""       ?*
    ,  ,   !       ,  ... ?*  
    .    ?*
    .   ?*
  "",   ,     (  )?*
   " "    "DOOM2"?*iddqd
     ,    ?*
     ?*
     ,      ?*
     ,           ?*
     ?*
e ce pe oy e cyc  ?*
   ,     ...(.)?*
   E1 (kbit/s)?*2048
    ()  ?*
         ?*150
      ?*
    ?*
        ""?*
        ""?*
      1961 ?*
   ?*
     ?*1 
      ''paradoxus''? *
      " "?* 
        ?*
   "  "?*
       (75-80% )?*
    ?*
      ? ( ...)*
      ?*
             ?*
       ""?*
      ?*
      ""?*
          19 ?*
       ?*15000
        ?*
     ?*
     ?*
      ?*
      ?*
     ,     ?*
     ?*
       - 1904-05 ..?*
    ?*
       "...   "?*
     ''  ''?*
      ''   ''?*
      I,        ?*
      4  ..?* 
    1000 ,      4000 ?*
     (390 /3)?*
        " ",  " "?*
               ?*www
        "   "?*
     ?*
      (),  ""  ""?*
       1980 ?*
     +       ?*121
        "    "  ?*
     (" ")?* 
      ,   ?*
       ?*
   -  ?*
   -?*
H2?*
""?*
,?*
?*
      ,      " "?*
      ,      '' ''?*
       ?*
  ,  ,   ,    ?*
         ?*
         ?*
                 )?*
      ?*
     ""   1?*
     1968 .  . ?*
        ""?*
             ?*
      ?*
      ?*
    ?*
        ?*-
       ?*
   "      "?*
      -?*
    ?*
        ''''?*
     ?*
    ?*
  ,    ,    ?*
      ""?*
      ?*
      ?*
    ..?*
     ?*
     4  5,     5,   4?*
            (. 7-9 .)?*
        ?*
       ?*
           - ?*
     46   ..?*
     ,      ?* 
    ?*
    ?*
     ?*
        ?*
   ?*
     ?*
   ?*
         100 ?*
 o    ?*
      ?*
      ?*
 ,     ,  ,    ?*
      ?*
      ?*
    ''''?*
    , , ?*
   $240000,      ?*
     ?*
      ?*
      ?*-
    ?*
      ?*1 
        ?*
     . ?*
        ("   ")?* 
    ?*
  -        ?*
            ?*
     ?*
     ?*
      ?*
      ?*
      ?* 
    "KLM"?*
    "Malev"?*
    ""?*
      ".my"?*
      ".my"?* 
        1913 .  ''--''?*
          ?*
       ?*
       ?*
    80-  19 ?*
        ?*  
     ''''?*
     ?*  
        I?*
   '' ''   ?*
     ?*
   (  1)   H?*
   (  10)   Ne?*
   (  100)   Fm?*
   (  101)   Md?*
   (  104)   Ku?*
   (  11)   Na?*
   (  16)   S?*
   (  17)   Cl?*
   (  18)   Ar?*
   (  19)   K?*
   (  2)   He?*
   (  20)   Ca?*
   (  22)   Ti?*
   (  24)   Cr?*
   (  30)   Zn?*
   (  32)   Ge?*
   (  33)   As?*
   (  39)   Y?*
   (  40)   Zr?*
   (  41)   Nb?*
   (  43)   Tc?*
   (  46)   Pd?*
   (  47)   Ag?*
   (  48)   Cd?*
   (  5)   B?*
   (  51)   Sb?*
   (  52)   Te?*
   (  54)   Xe?*
   (  6)   C?*
   (  60)   Nd?*
   (  61)   Pm?*
   (  63)   Eu?*
   (  68)   Er?*
   (  71)   Lu?*
   (  73)   Ta?*
   (  75)   Re?*
   (  77)   Ir?*
   (  78)   Pt?*
   (  79)   Au?*
   (  80)   Hg?*
   (  81)   Tl?*
   (  86)   Rn?*
   (  88)   Ra?*
   (  89)   Ac?*
   (  9)   F?*
   (  90)   Th?*
   (  93)   Np?*
   (  95)   Am?*
   (  98)   Cf?*
   (  99)   Es?*
     Cm?*
        4 ?*
       ??*
     -    ?*
     ?* 
     ?*
     ?*
         ?*
     ?*
   , ,    ,  .    ,       .    , ,  ?*
    .. ?*
      ?*
           ?*
 ,    ,      ?*
""?*
,,,?*
?*
1929-1961?*
""?*
?*
?*
?*
""?*
""""?*
   ,    ?*
   ""  ?*
    : " ,    ?"?*
       ?*
      ?*
    "    "?*
:""?*
-    "   ",     , ,    ... ?*
-       .    ,     ... ?*
                ""?*
       ,         ?*
     ,   ,    ...?*
      ,  , : "   20-30 "?*
 , -,     ?*
    The Beatles,     ? (   , )?*  
      ?*
     ,   -   ?*
   " "  ,   "  "?*
      ?*
    ?*
       ?*
       '' ''?*
  .          "  "?*-
         ,      IV?*
    ''''?*
    ?* 
     - '' ''?*
           ?* 
        '' ''?*
      ?*
  ""      "  "  ?*
     ?*
    ,  , ,     ,   - ?*
 ?*
   , , ?*
,    ,     ?*
   ?*
  (-),    -  ... . ?*
  ?*
   ?*
,     ?*
    ?*
  -   ?*
 ,            ?*
'''' - ...*
?*
   ,   ?*
     :   .  -   11 ... -     ?*
 ""?*
     ?*
-     ?*
 ?*
    (.)?*
    : "    "?* 
   ......?*
 .  " ..."?*
 . . .?*
,     "  ",  ... ?*
  - ?*
 ,     :   -   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,... ?*
,        ?*
 .   ,      (      : "-- ? - !")?*
 ; ?*
 ?*
    .         ... (./.)?* 
,,(.)?*
     ,       ?*
 ?*
,  , ,, .  ?*
ppp?*
  .. ?* 
  .. ?* 
  .. ?*- 
  .?* 
  .. ?*-
  ?*  
  ?*  
  ... ?*
   ?*
       ... ?*
.?*
  .   1811  1817 ?*
      "  "?*
    ?* 
      ?*
   ?*
       ?*
        ?*
       ?*
       ,    ?*
   ( " ", " "  .),    ?*
?*
  ?*
  " " -   ... ?*
- ?*
  ?*
,   "  "?*
, - ""?*
,   " "?*
  ,  ?*
  , . ?*
 "...  "      ?*
;  . ?*
 ?*
  -  ... ?*
     ?*
?*
?*
  -  ... )  )  )  )  ?*
,  .  (  )?*
..?*
  ""  "",  ,  ... ?*
"""",,?*
     ,  ,  ,      .  ... ?*
  ?*
,?*
 -      ,-  ... ?*
  ?*
  . , ,   ,   ,   ... ,     :-)  ?*
  ?*
 : "        ..." ?*
:":?*
 -   ,   ...*
,?*
   ?*
,      ?*
 ?*
       . ?*
   ?*
   ... ?*
,.?*
,      ?*
, ?*
,      ,   ?*
            ?*
 "  "    ,   ... ?*
   ,     ,    ... ?* 
  ( 988)   ( 1026).      .           ,      1036 .  ?*
  ( 988)   (1015-1019).        .   .  1018        ,   .  ?* 
 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
   ?*1410
      ?*1949
                 ,         .     ?*
    ,    ... ?*
    ,  .         . - ?* 
      ,     , -  ... ?*
            - ,   ... ?*
    ,   ,      ... ?*
   ,   ,     .  ... ?*
     ,   ... ?*
       ,    ... ?*
     ,    ... ?*
    ,   ... ?*
-    " ".  ?* 
    ?*
    ''''?*
 -   ,    ,  ?*
 - ,   ",    "?*
    -,       ?*
  ?*
       ?*
        : " "?*  
   " "?* 
             ?*
    ?*
  " "?* 
  '' ''?*
 ,  ,     ?*
     ?*
    ?*
  ?*
   "    "    ?*
   ?*
, ,     ?*
 ?*
   ?*
, , , .      ... ?*
-, i  ,    ...       -?* 
   ?*
   ?*
    ?*3
     ,  ?*23
       ,     - ?*
  ?*
?*
    ?*
  ?*
?*
y ca c  yo?*
 ?*
 ?*
,ˠ()?*
    " "  1942,    (1990, ).   .?*
 QWERTY  ... ?*
     ?*
   ?*
            ?* 
 ?*
 ..?*
   ?*
   ?*
 ,    ?*
""?*
 ?*
'''' - ...*
 -  ?*
  ""?*
,     ", ", " "?*
,   " ", "  , "?*
,   ""?*
, : "", " ", " "?*
,   ,   ?*
, ,   ""?*
 ?*
      : "   ,    "?*
    ?*
    ?*
    " "?      ... ?*
    ?*
        ?* 
    "  "?* 1
      "Mr. Bad Guy"  ?*
       " "?*
   " , "?*
   " , "?*
  : "  "?*
  : " ,  "?*
  : "   ,    "?*
  Internet?*
   " !"?*
   "     "?*
   ''     ''?*
    ''  ,    !''?*
   "     !"?*
   " -  !"?* 14
   "      "?*
   "   "?* 
   ''     !''?*
   ''      ''?*
   '',   !''?*
  : "  "?* 2
  : "  "?*
       " ".     ,     ... ?*
      ... ?*
 1888         , , ,    26 ,  "".  ... ?* 
    ?*
,?*
,"","..."!(.)?*
 ?*
?*
        ?*
,   ,           ?*
  : "     ,     ..."?*
,?*
  ?*
     ?*
,    ?*
,   ?*
,?*
(.)?*
(.)?*
 ?*
  ,      ?*
      ( )?*
 ?*
     ?*
  ?*
          ,  ?*
     ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,       ?*
,      ?*
         ,   ... ?* 
 . -    ?*
,?*
  ?*
 ?*
,   ?*
        10-18 ?*
  ,      ?*
      "   "       .        ?* 
      '?* 13
  ?*
- ?* 14
 ... ( . )?*
    .?*
?*
 ?*
      ?*
  ?*
 ?*
  , ?*
?*
  ?*
 ?*
   ""?*
   ?*
      ,     ... ?*7
    ?*
 , ,  ?*
   ?*
 ?*
?*
    -  ... ?*
    -  ... ?*
    -  ... ?*
,   ,  , ?*
        ,  ?*
  " "?*
; . ?*
  ?*
    ?*
  ?*
,,,.?*
   , ?*
   ,    ?*
 ,  , ?*
  ?*
    ?*
    ?*
,  ?*
 ,      ?*
     ?*
    ?*
   ,  ,     ?*
      ?*
?*
?*
    ,  ?*
,   ?*
,   ,    ,          .  ?*
     ?*
     ;     .    ... ?* 
.?*
  "",  - .    ... ?* 
          ?*
,?*
 ?*
 ""   ... ?*
       ?*
  ,    ?*
      ?*
 ?*
    (82 600 .)?* 
   ?*
 - ?*
,.?*
 ?*
 , ?*
 ,  ?*
 ,  ?*
 ,?*
 ?*
  ?*
        ?*
   ?*
 "    "?*
 "   "?*
    ''   '' ()?*
  : "     "?*
   ""?* 
   ''   ''?*
   ""?*
   ''''?*
   " "?*
   "  "?*
   ""?*
   ""?*
  : "      ,         "?*
   (): " ,  ,     ..."?*
   "     .     ..."?*
    ()?*
    ''  ''?*
  -   ?*
    ?*
   ?*
       1941 ?*
    ""   ?*
     ?*
    ?*
     ?*
     ?*
    "" ("Platoon"),   1986   ""?*
    ?*
   ?*
  1895     ,   -?*
  1912 .   ?*
  19-        ?*
       ?*
      -  ?*
   " "  ",   ,     !"?*
       ""?* 
  ?*
       ?*
         ?*
 ,  ,    ?*
       ?*
      ()?*
    ''''?*
     "  " ,  "..."?*
 -   ?*
    ,  ?*
    : "    ,     ,     ,     "?* 
   ( 9   ),   ?*
   ?*
    ?*
      ?*
  ,   . ,    ()?*
     ?*
       ?*
    ,    ,  ?* 
         ""?*
     ?*
      ?*
      ?*
     ''''?*
           ?*
    : "      2 :    "?*
     "  "?*
       ()?*
       -?*
      ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
        ?*
   ""  6 ?*
   '' ''?*
    : "   -   "?*
  "   "?*
  " "?*
      " "  12  ?*
   ''   80 '' ()?*
       "Cats" ("")?*
       "Cats" ("")?* 
  '''' ()?*
    -?*
   "  "   ?*
   " "?*
  - '' ''?*
   '' ''?*
   '' ''?*
   " "?*
   ''  ''?*
  '' ''?*
   "-"?*
   " "?*
   ""?*
   "  "?*
    '' ''?*
     ,    ... ?*
       1999 ?*
   ,   (  )?*
   ,   ?*
        ?*
 : ",     ,    "?*
      " "?*
   ?*
    ?*
    ?*
      ?*
 : "...  ,           ,  ,      ... "?* 
 : "...,   ?     .  .  .   ,   ."?*
     ""    "-"?* 
    ,   15 ?*
           ?*
      ?*
    ?*
 ,  " -  "??*
        ?*
   ?*
  ?* 
   ?*
  -?*
      ?*
   ?*
   ""?*
  ?*
         ''...''?*
      .. ''   ''?*
     : ",  ,  ,  "?*
     : '',  ,  ,  '' ?*
   " , "?*
  ''     ''?*
    ?*
   ?*
   ?* 
   ''   ''?*
   ?*
  ...,    .     ?*
   ""    ?*
         ?*
  ?* 
  - -,        - ,   ?    ... ?*  
  - ''Veni, vedi, vici''?*
  - '' -   ''?*
  ''  ''?*
 : "     ,    ;  ,         ?* 
     ?* 
    ""?*
   ?*
      ?* 3
   " "?*
   '' '' ()?*
       ,    ?*
    ()?*
      ()?*
      -    ?*
  "  "?*
     ?*
    ?*
  ?*
       '' ''?*
      " "?* 
      '' '' ()?*
      "   "?*
  ?*
  " "?*
  ?*
  " "?* 
  ?* 
  ?*
    ?*
   ?*
     ?*
  ?*
     1000    ?*
   ,    ?*
    ""?*
       ?* '
""?*
?*
"":,,!?*
?*
?*
",,"?*
""?*
?*
,"p"?*
,-""?*
?*
""?*
?*
""?*
(",")?*
:",,"?*
?*
?*
" "?*
?*
-?*
""?*
:"!"?*
""?*
""?*
""?*
:"!!"?*
""?*
,""?*
""?*
""?*
?*
?*
?*
,   ,  ?*
: ", , "?*
  :  "..., --, ,      "?*
       ?* 
  ,  03?*  
  ,  04?* 
        ?*-
  " "   ?* 
        ?*
     ?*
?*
,  ,  ,    ?* 
-,  " ",  ""  " ",      1000 .      ?*
 ,      ?*
- ?*
 : " ...:   .      ."?*-
          ... ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    ?*
     - ?*
  ?*
-?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ,   ?*
. , "  ". "      ...      ": )  )  )  )  )  )   ?*
..  : "...    ".     ?*
e-opa  x ex?*
e c  oo cx  *
 ?*
pp?*
,?*
,     ,      , ,  ?*
. ,   . . . ?*
     "",  "",  "",  "",  "".  ?*
,,Р?*
?*
   ?*
   ,      " "?*
  ,    - ?*
 ?*
 ,    ?*
      ... ?*
,?* 
˸?*
   ... ?*
  ""   ?*
,?*
        ,    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    " "   ... ?*
      ,      ,    ?*
   , ?*
 ?*
 ,            ?*
 ?*
?*
 ""  ?*
 ()   .*
 : ",        ,  ,      "?*
   -   ... ?*
  ?*
  -  ?*
   ?*
 ,    .   47 .    5 .      ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,       ?*
 , ?*
  ?*
        ?*
 ,     ?*
,?*
  ...      ,      .?*
 ?*
 ?*
    ?*
   ?*
*
,   ,    ?*
-  ?*
-, ,    (1971).?*
-?*
- ?*
  : "     ... ?*
 ; -    ?*
 ?*
- ?*
   " "?*-
     ... ?* 
      ?*queen
 -   ... ?*
 ?*
 ?*
?*
        ?*
,  ?*
,?*
,        ?*
, ?*
 ,   ?*
 ,      "" ?*
 ?*
 ?*
. ;  .?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ""?*
   ?*
(),-?*
,     ?*
,-.,?*
,pppp?*
   ?*
 ,  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 -   :?*
  ?*
  ?*
.?*
;   ;   ?*
     ?*
  : "    ,     ..."?*
 ?*
 ,    ?*
   : )  )  )  ) ?*
,,?*
  ...,     ?*
      ?*
-""?*
 ...   ,    ... .   ?*
    ,      ...?*
 ,    ?*
?*
     ?*
 ?*
   ?*
    -   ?*
   ?*
.,...?*
,""?*
   ?*
     : "   ..." , ?*
 ?*
   I  ... ?*
  ?*
  .?*
    " ,  !"   ... ?*
   ?*
?*
   ?*
  (.)?*
?*
 ,   ,  ?*
  ,   !-  .. ?*
 , ?*
    "  "?*
 ,    .  ?*
, ,      ,       . ?*
,   "  "  ,   "  ",    - ...?* 
 .*
.  ,      ,   .  ?*
. , "    ...  " )   )   )  ) ,   ?*
e y aaoo*
       ... ?*
,?*
, ,     ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
,   ?*
   ?*
 (  )?*
 ?*
  ,  ""     ?*
  ?*
   ?*
 ,   ?*
, , ,    (. )?*
 ,     ,    -     .  ?* 
 , ?*
  ,   ,   ... ?*
...?*
 - ...,  -   -    . ?*
  ,    ,  -... ?*
 ,     ?*
  ?*
   ... ?*
   : "90%    ,   ... ?* 
 ,  ,     .         ,      .    .  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,  ,  ,   ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ?* 
 -  ,        , , ,   ?*
 -    ... ?*
    ,       -,    ... ?*
      ()?*2000
   ?*
,   ... ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
,      ?*
?*
 ,    ?*
,        ?*
 -?*
 ?*
   (  )?*
           ,    - ... ?*
cpa,coaoee ?*
.  ?*
           ,  ... ?*
, ,  -  ?*
 p,    p?*
 ?*
-?*
 ?*
    - ...! -    . ?*
   ?*
  ,  1,852  -   ... ?*
,?*
 - , , ;  -    ;  - , ;   , , ,   .    ?*
 ?*
     ?*
  ?*
 ( 80-140 ) ,    (, , , , , ).  20     (, , , -..)?*
    ?*
  ?*
 ?*
       ?*
          ?*
 . ,   ?*
,?*
 -   ,  ,  ... ?*
    ,     (  )   ,  15-350   .      ,     ?*
   ?*
 ?*
        ,   ?*
 ?*
     ?*
 ,  100 .?*
    ,  ?*
    ,  1/24  ?*
       ?* 
   ?*
        ,   ,   ?*
?*
     .            ?*
  - ,    -?*
,      ?*
  ,    ,    ?*
   ?*
  , ?*
  -    (.)?*
     ?*
  ;  ?*
  .*
     ?*
.?*
,?*
,     ?*
,     1477, -?*
,     1700, 1704, -?*
,   ,    ,    ?*
,        ?*
,,,?*
,?*
,?*
  ?*
,?*
      ?*
    (18 .-16 .),   ""?*
    (19 -17 .),   ""?*
    (21 .-19 .),   ""?*
    (21 .-19 .),   ""?*
    (21 -18 ),   ""?*
?*
 ""?*
.?*
 ?*
    ?*
,?*
   ?*
   ?*
 ?*
   , ,  ,   ?*
    ?*
 :               .?*
.,?*
  ,   ?*
    ?*
      ?*
        ?*
  ?*
  ?* 
 -  ... ?*
        ?*
  ?*
         ?*
    ?*
 -?*
  ,     ?*
-,   ?*
 ... -     ?*
 ?*
  ?*
,   5    ?*
,   ,   7    ?*
,   ,   6    ?*
,   ,   8    ?*
,        ?*
,  ?*
,    ?*
,  ?*
,?*
 , ,   ?*
     (-89,2 )     1983 .      ... ?*
?*
 ,   ?*
,  ?*
,()?*
    .. ?*
 ,    ?*
 - ?*
 ?*
 ?*
.  ,    ?*
      ... ?*
   ?*
. . ;   ?*
   ( , )?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ,   .    45 ,   15 .   .          ?*
  .  ,  ,  3 ,  1,1 ,   390 .   ,    ,    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*-
  ?*
,    ?*
,     ?*
    ,   ,        -  ?*
,   -, ?*
    ?*
    ,     ?*
,,?*
 ,   ?*
               ?*
 ""?*
 ""?*
 ""?*
 ""?*
  60- ?*
 ,      ,  ... ?* 
  (.)?*
  ,     ... ?*
   -,         (  )?*
  ?*
'''' - ...*
 ,    ?*
 ,      ?*
        . ?*
,      ?*
 ,   ... ?*
,?*
,   1591 .         -?*
         .   ... ?*
  ?*
,  -    (  )?*2
 p p?*
    ?*
   ?*
  ?*
,     ,     ,   ?*
, ,    ,   ?*12,00
, ,    ,   ?*
    ,    ?*
  ?*
        ?*
   ?*
 :     ,      ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 ,  ?*
 ?*
   ?*
,?*
   "",    ... ?*
    ,       ?*
 , ""     "" ?*
 ?*
  ,      ?*
  -/  , /  - / ...           .  ?*
, ,  -  ... ()?* 
  -   .    ,  ...  (. )?*
 ,   (   ,   .   )?*
?*
,      ? -  . ", , " -  ... (  )?*
,      ?*
,      ?*
?*
 ,      ,    ,    ?*
 ;  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,?*
  ,       ?*
  ?*
  ?*
,      ?*
,    ,     ?*
,     , .?*
   (  )    ... ?* 
     ?*
 ?*
?*
 "  "   " ". ?*  
     ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,    , ,   ?*
   , ?*
         ?*
   ?*
 ?*
-      ,     ?*
 ,     -        ?*
 ,     ,  ... ?*
 ,      ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,     ?*
 ?*
      ,    ... -  ?*
-?*
   " "  ... ?*
?*
 "" ?*
   ,     ... ?*50
 ?*
 ?*
. .     ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    -     ,     - ?*
 ?*
 ,   ?*
,   ?*
   ,    ,     ,  ... ?*  
   ,     ,  - ,   - . ?* 
 , , , , ...     ?* 
  . ?*
 - ?*
,   . ?*
,   ;    ?*
,   "",  ... ?*
      .  ,  ,     ,   . ,         ,    ?*  
 - ,  - ,   - ... ?*
.,,?*
 ?*
 ,   "  "?*
  ?*
      , ?*
   ?*
epoy*
       ?* 
  : "    ,  ,     ..."?*
    ... ?*
 :    ?*
       ?*
      : "    "?*
    , , , , ?* 
       ... ?*100000000
      ? ( ...)*
     1945     ?*
         ?*
     ?*
              (9,67 )?*
        ,  ?*
   ,  ,   ?*
     ?*-
     ?*
         ?*
          - ?*
      ?*
     ?*
     ?*
      ? ( ...)*
    " "     ,  ... ?* 
  ""- , ""- .         ?*
      "  "?*
         ?*
    - ,   ??*
      . ?*
       ... ?*
    : "  .   ." "  .     ." "   . -    ."      ?*
    : "  .   ." "  .     ." "   . -    ."      ?*
      ?*ip
              ,        .       ?* 
    : "    ".   ?*
    ,     ?*
              ,   ,  ,       -   .  ?*
     ", , , ".           .    ?*
      ,  ... ?* 
   " "    ?*
   " "    ?* 
           -.  ?*
   -  ,    ?*
       ,     " "?*
    ,   ""  ... ?* 
        ?*
     : "...   ".  ?*
         19   -.    (    )?*
    ...,    ()?*
      , ,     -     ,   , ... ?* 
          1986        ?*
     '' ...''?*
    ?*
  ""     ,   ?*
      1223     - ?*
              .    ... ?* 
      - ,    ?*
    -   .    ... ?*
       ,         ,    ... ?*
""Ѡ?*
4?*
,""?*
   ?*
 ?*
,?*
  ?*
,  II ,            .   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 -  ?*
      ,  ... ?*
   ,   ?*
  -   ,       ?*
  , ?*
      : "  "-    ... ?*
 ""  "",     (.)?*
   ?*
  ?*
?*
 ?*
-?*
..?*
 " "  ?*
  ,         ("  " . ")?*
  ?*
 .     1965. (  )?*
 .   .  1984-89. ()?*
 ,          ?*
   .; . ?*
 ,   ?*
        ""?*
       ?*
       ?* 
 ,    1620       ?*
        ?*
    ?*
      ,   1956 ?*
  ?*
    " "?*
          1919  1943 ?*
    -  ?*
    ,      .  " "?*
  Intel 430 VX?* 3
            .       ,       .     ?*--
      ,    376-352  ..,          .  ?*
      ""?*
      ,  -  ""?*
          ,     "".  ... ?*
  ,      ,    "---",   "   "?*-
       ,   ,  .  ... ?*
   ,     ?*
            ?*
?*
,?*
,.?*
""?*
,   , ,   ,   ?* 
      ... ?*
      ... ?*
      ... ?*-
    .*
   ?* 
      ''''.*
   ,      .*
     ?*
    .*
   ,      -  ,  ?*
    ?* 
   ?*
      " "  ?*
 ,     ,  ,       ?* 
 ,     ,  ,       ?*
    ,   ,        ?*
   .*
  ,    ?* 
     .  ..*
    '' '',  . .*
    ''9   ''.*
 ,        ,      "   "?*
 ''''   .. .*
    ?*
   ,   1-   ..  .     ?*
     ?*
   -,  300     ?*
,?*
  ?*
       ,      ( 6723 )?*
   ,  .*
         , ,      .?*
,?*
    ?*
       ,      (    ,   )?*
  ,   ?*
   ?*
 ?*
     -  ... ?*
      ?*
;,?*
  ,    ?*
   - ?*
    ?*
,    ,   , ,    ?*
     " "     .   ... ?*
    -   19- 20 ,   ?*
       19 ,   ,   ?*
       19 ,   ?*
  ., ?*
      ?*
,;,?*
 ()     (  :-)?*2
.  ?*
. ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  (..)?*
  (..)?*
  ;    ;  .  -  ;   ?*
  (..)?*
 , (..)?*
  (..)?*
 ?*
,         ,     ?*
 -       ?*
 : " p p,   - ..."?*
  ?*
    ,      ?*
    ?*
 ,        (.)?*
     ,   . ?*
  ,  .?*
 ,      ?*
 ,    " -  "?*
,.?*
  , ?*
   ?*
   ?*
      ?*
   ,         .  ?*
   4   9,5 .  3600 .       .   ,     ?*
   .       (,   .).   0,8-30 ,  .   10000 ?*
,        ""?*
; . ?*
-,   ?*
?*
.  , .   ?*
?*
 ?*
   ?*
  -  ?*
     ?*
    .?*
    ?*
   - - ?*
   ,      ?*
      -  ... ?*
  .       ?*
 ?*
?*
  (NaCl)?*
   ?*
  ?*c
  ?*
  ?*
     ?*
       ?*
   ?*
  ?*
   ?*
      ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ?*
  ,    ?*
    ?*
      ?*
       ,      ?*
    ?*
  ?*
   ?*
   (),     ,   ?*
?*
,        ?*
,   (  )       ,    ?*
,?*
,?*
,?*
    -  -  ... ?*
 ,   .   ?*
 ,   , ,  ?*
?*
   ,            .      IX ?*
   ?*
   ,        "".   ... ?*
     ?*
  - ,   : -  ,   ... -  ?*
    .      ... ?* 
     .       ?*
 ...  ,    -     ?*
    . ,     . -    ?*
    -  ...?*
       ...    ?*
 ,    ,  ... ?* 
   ,  ... ?* 
 , ,      :       ... . ( .  )?*
  ,   ...  ("",  1999 .)?* 
        ,      -  ?*
       " ",        ,   , " "  .     ... ?*
...,?*
:,:(./.)?*
,,?*
p p?*
,?*
           ... ?* 
   ,      ... - - . ?*
      ?*
         ?*
     ?*
 ; ,  ?*
  ,    ,   20,8-24,4 /, 9   -  ... ?*
 ( )     ?*
  ,  ?*
           ?*
   ?*
      ?*
     ?*
    ,   ?*
?*
    ?*
 ?*
  ,          ( "... " -  ),        ( " ...")?*
     ?*
 -      ... ?* 
     , ,   ?*
    ?*
 - ,   (..)?*
,,,?*
  ,   ,  ,     ,      ?*
,  -?*
,      ?*
,    ,   ?*
 ,  - ?*
?*
       ... ?*
 ?*
     1/2  ,     2,5   ( . neuter -  ,  )?*
     .   ,    ,     .    ?*
,   ,    .. (.)?*
       ?*
.     ?*
.  ?*
. ?*
.     17 ,   ?*
.  .?*
  ?*
 :    , ,  ;     - ,   ... ?*
 ,  ,  ?*
      : "", "", " ",    188-   ... ?*
    ,   .. ?*
  18-19 .?*
 ,    .*
 ,   "   "?*
 - ("Modern Talking",   "Blye System")?* 
 - ("Modern Talking",   "Blye System")?*  
 ,         ?*
  ,     1900  - 14-  , 3-    (1974-76),     1967 ?*
.8-,9?*
     -        .  ?*
       ?*
?*
   ?*
  ?*
,  , ?*
?*
,(.,.)?*
     ?*
 ?*
  ?*
,     ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
   : "  ,  "   ... ?* 
,?*
   ?*
.,帠?*
      ""  20  ?* 
      ""  20  ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ,          ,  ?*
?*
   ?*
,?*
,   .*
 ,  (.)?*
 ,    ?*
 -   ... ?*
,,,?*
,,,?* 
 ""?*
 , ?*
         -     -469.  , ,  - "     ,     ..."?*
   ?*
?*
  ?*
, , , ,   ..., , , , ,    (" ")?*
 ?*
?*
 ?*
-?*
   ,   " ",  -     ?*
     ... ?*
 ,  ,  ?*
,.,?*
 ?*
  ,   ?*
 ,     ?*
   ,  ?*
   ?*
 ?*
    ?*
     -     ...-   ?*
     ,           ...  (  )?*
     ... ?*
  ,  - ,     ... ?*
?*
 -    ... ?*
,    ?*
  ?*
,....?*
       ,      ....   ... ?*
       ?*
      .     ... -  ?*
 .?*
  -;   ?*
   ?*     
:,?*
   ?*
 ?*
  ,   .*
. , .  (1920 .)?*
,   ?*
 ,         ?*
 ?*
?*
?*
?*
       ?*
 --  ?*
(.)?*
       " "?*
  ,       ?*
 ""  .?*
    : "       ,    "?*
    : "  ,  "?*   
      ,  "     ,    "?*
    : "    - ."  ?*
         ... ?*
          ?*
Π?*
   -   : "  -    ,   - ,  - "?* 
     - ?*
, , , , , , , , .      .    ?*
.?*
 ?*
;,?*
?*
 ?*
  ?*
?*
 ,  ?*
  ?*
    ,    ?*
    ?*
   ?*
   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ?*
   ?*
   ?*
        ?*
,""?*
,   -?*
     ,   ,       ?*
,   ,      ,    ,     .         ?*
 , ,   ?*
   .*
    ?*
  -   ,   ...*
    ,       ,       ,       .  ... ?*
 :?*
    ?*
  ?*
    .  ,    ?*
 ,     ..., , , ,   , . ( . , " " )?*
.,?*
    ?*
  -          , , ?*
   -  ... ?*
 ,   ?*
 , ?*
,  ,   ?*
 , .   ?*
,?*
       ?*
?*
    ,      ... ?*
    ?*
   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
      ?*
,,?*
  :    ,     ...    ( . , " " )?*
?*
''''  .*
  ?*
    ,    ?*
  ?*
      ?*21
         19 -  20 ?*
  ,        ,    "",    ?*
        ?*
   ?*
?*
,    ,   ... ?*
:    . ,    :  -   ... ?*
,?*
 ,       ,   ,   ,     ?*
 ?*
,?*
- ?*
   ?*
 ,       ,  ,  ,     .      ?*
   ?*
,       (  )?* 
   .*
:   .   . ?*02
    (NaCl)?*
   ?*
  ?*
          ?*
,    ,  ?*
   ?*
     ,         .  ?*
 ,    ,   ... ?* 
    ?*
     ?*
   ?*
 ?*
      ?*
      ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
"",(.)?*
    ?*
    , ,       .   ?*
   ?*
,             ()?*
,   ,   ?*
,           ("-" . )?*
   ;   ?*
  , ,     -  ... ?*
  " "  ?*
  12- ,  . ,   ,    ?*
  12- ,       (),     ... ?*
  12- ,   (),     ,  ,   ?*
  12- ,   (),     ,  ,   ?* 
  12- ,  .       ,     ... ?*
  12- ,  ,       ... ?*
    ?*
    ?*
            ,         .    ?*
   ?*
  , "  "  .?*
      ?*
   ,     ,  ?*
          : "  ,   ,   ,    ..." ?*
       ?*
    ?*
     ,       .   120 ,  1800 ?*
    .*
    .*
   ?*
   ?*
        -  ,,  -   - . ?*
    ?*
     " "  1843   ... ?* 
        ... ?*
        ?*
     (1953)  .    ,  ,   ,  , , .     (1975)?*
  ,    "  ,        "?*
      ?*
    .*
   ,   -  ,   ... ?*
        -  ,   -      -  . ?*
   : "  ,  ..."?*
    ?*
     : "    ,      ?".     . ?*
?*
  -  ?*
?*
a  yx aoe acaa*
   ?*
          ?*
   -?*
     (950 )    ?*
        ?*
    .    .  " "?*
    ,      XV ?*
        () ?*
   ,    ,    ?* 
     ?*
        .   -    ,           ?*
   ?*
      ?* 
      ... ?* 
              ... ?* 
        ... ?*
    ?*
   ?*
     ?*
   ?*
  ?*
,?*
  ,     .  ,     32 ,   2     10  .      20 ?* 
   ,  " ", : "    ,      ."  ?*
         ... (./.)?*
... ?*
  ?*
     ,     ?*
  30     ?*
   ?*
    ?*
  ,   ?*
       I ?*
   - , ?*
    ?*
      ?*
    ,   ,    ,      , , ,   ?*
  pex x e po ep - ee o o, o o  o (58 000 .)?*
       -  (59 600 .)?*
   -   ! -   ?*
     ,  ,   ,    ?*
,?*
 ?*
..;   (.)?*
    ?*
o   oe*
       ?*
 ?*
  ?*
   ?*
   ?*
?*
,   ""      .   ... ?*
    ?* 
,0,110?*
,    ( )?*
   ,   "  - 2"?*
, ,    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
       ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,   ?*
  - -?*
  ?*
 : " ,       /       ./     /  ,   ..."?*
,   ?* 
  .*
 -     ?*
      ""       ?* 
              ?*
   ,        .  ?* 
   ,        .  ?*
       ,          "   "     1984 .  ?*
        ,    ,   ?*
   ?*
         ?*
    ,      ?*
     ,      (    ).  ... ?* 
     .*
 :"   -   :  "?*
      ?*
            .  ... ?*
   ,         ?*
  ...  ?*
           -  .   ?* 
       ,       .  ?*
       ?*
         ,   I    :   "  ,     ".  ?*
  ,    - ?*
 .   .   .  .   :   ,   -   .     ."     .. ?* 
?*
   ,  ,  ?*
  , , , , , ,   ?*
         64 ?* 
 ,  ,  , .     ,      .  ?*
   ?*
     .    .       .   .   ,      ""  ""?*  
  : , , , , .      ?*
   ,     ?*
   ,      ,  ,     .    ""  120 .  ?*
 ,   , ,            .      .  ?*
 ?*
      ... ?* 
 .?*
 . ,    .  ""?*
 .?*
 .?*
.,"".?*
 ?*
,  ?*
  , ?*
-... ?*
  ,   ?*
    ?*
     ?*
      ?*
 , ?*
,?*
p?*
  ?*
    ?*
,  " "  ?*
  ?*
   ?*
dd*dd
    ?*kinDer
   ?*pRo|pAl
      ?*
        XVIII  -    ?* 
        XVIII  -   ?*
        XVIII  -  ,        ?*-
       20-70-  XVIII  -  ?*
    ?*
,       ,    ?*
,          ?*
     ?*
,    ?*
,(,)?*
    , ,  ?*
    ?*
       20-70-  XVIII  -  ,        ?*
   ?*
 ?*
,    ?*
   ?*
   , ,   . .,    . ?*
  ?*
         ... ?* 
   ?*
  ?*
?*
   ?*
   -,       ?*
 ?*
 ()?*
?*
      , ?*
   ?*
          ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 2000   Red Hat      Linux,    ... ?*7
  ?*
,,?*
  ?*
     ... ?*
    ,   ?*
  Apple Computer?* 
   "" (   50- ) -       ,       1938   ?* 
     .    (1979).?*
    ?*
  ( ,  , )  "? ? ?" ..  -  ... ?*
    ""?*
50%?*
.(4,5-10..)?*
?*
"???"..?*
  -?*
   ?*
  ?*
          ?*
 ?*
   "  "?*
   ,      ,    ... ?*
   Microsoft Corp.     " ... "?* 
.?*
 : "     .      ..."?*
--- - ,     : "     ..."?*
,,?*
,,..,?*
  ,   ,?*
   , ?*
 ?*
 -     ?*
 ?*
  -?*
   ,  ?*
  ,   ,    ?*
  .?*
,       ?* 
,     ?*
,  ?*
       ... ?*
    ?*
?*
   ,      ,  1825     1 . ?*
     " "  ?*
    90-     ,      -  ... ?*
 ?*
     ?*
,   ?*
     ,     ?*
 ?*
e co o ep epyc*
     ...?*
   StarCrafte?*
 :    -    ,    -  .  ?*
?*
    ,  ?*
,?*
  ?*
   ?*
  -?*
     ?*
 , ?*
   ,  ?*
   , ,   ?*
  ,   ?*
      ?*
   "-"?*
  ,   ?*
        ,             .       ""  "".  ?*
  ?*
?*
     ?*  
-?*
         " "?*
   -   ,  ?*
  ,  ?*
 ,   ?*
-?*
,?*
    ?*
    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?* 
  ?*
  ?*
   ,        (, )?*
?*
  ,     ?*
  ?*
?*
     ... ?*
 ?*
  ?*
   ?*
 ?*
,    ,      (.)?*
,    ?*
 : "    ,      ..."?*
  ,      ?*
     ,   : -?*
     ,     . .?*
  ?*
(.)?*
,    ",    ?*
,   !    -   !-  ?*
  ?*
        "   "?*
""?*
     ?*
  (     )  ,   ,       ?*
  , ?*
 ,    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
      (70-90 ),   -   -     ?*
  ?*
 ?*
    "  "  ?*
  Deathmath-e?*
  ?*
    ?*
?*
?*
 ,     ,       ?*
oo  epe po*
p?*
ppp?*
  " "  ... ?*
, , ,  -   ,      ... ?*
 ?*
     ?*
   I,     ?* 
-,     " "?*
,?*
,      , , , ,     ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 .-. ?*
 (),           ?*
 ?*
    ... ?*
  -?*
 , ""       ?*
,    ,   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
 ?*
        ?*
   " "  : "   ... "?*
,      ,      ... ?* 
  ?*
     -  ... ?*
      ,   "" ?*
     ?*
     ?*
  ?*
    ?*
   ?*
'''' -.*
 -?*
    ,      ?* 
--?*
  ()       ... ?*
    ?*
 ,  "  "?*
  ,      ?*
    " "    ?*
       1829  ... ?*
        ... ?* 
         ?*
 ,    , .     ... ?* 
    , 11(24).12.1900 -  1905 ( 112).  1   ,   2 -  , , .   8  ?*
   (10-11 .); ,     (, 14-16 .)?*
  ?*
    ?* 
    ,         ,   ... ?*
 ?*
   ?*
?*
       ...  (). ?*18
       ... ?*
       ... ?*
?*
,   ,  ?*
     ... ?*
?*
   ""       ... ?* 
   ... ?*
        ?*-
   ,    ?*
   ?*
      .        .   ... ?*
               .   ?*  
     ... ?*
        1942       . ?*
    ... ?*
   ?*
   :  .?*
   ... ?*
   ,  - ,   ,    - ...?*
   (  1732-1799,   1789-1797, )?*
     ENIAC   14  ... ?*1946
  ?*
  ?*
      ... ?*
  ?*
      ... ?*1988
    ?*
   ?*
   Intel     ... ?*4004
   : "  ...   !" ( ,   .  " ")?*
          ?*
,   1984.      1024  ,  ... ?*
(,)?*
    ?*
, ,  ,  -   ...?*
,?*
   ... ) - ) - )   ?*
 ,   -      ...  .    - ?*
    ?*
,   " -   17"," . XVI "?*
    ?*
  -    ?*
    ?*
 ?*
   (  )?*
  ?*
?*
     ?*
()?*
  ?*
-,..,?*
   (, ),    , ?*
. ,     -?*
      .  .   ?*
  ?*
 . ?*
    18-19 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
        ?*
()?*
  ,  ?*
  29   ,          ( -   -   -  -   -   - ). ?* 
   ?*
    ?*
    ,      ?*
    ... ?*76
         .  (  " ")  -.     ,  2-3 ?* 
    ?*
?*
     ?*
    ... ?*
 ,       25   ?*
 "  "       1865 .      44    ,     ,   - .    ?* 
 ..  ""?*
  . "  "?*
 , ""?*
  ?*
    ?*
  .. ""?*
  ?*
  " "?*
  . " "?*
  .  ""?*
  .. ""?*
  "12 "?*
  " " . ?*
  "  "  ?*
  "  "?*
  .  . " "?*
  .?*
   .       ,  -  ?*-
  ""?*
  " "?*
  2      ... ?*
2ʠ?*
     ?*
 . ?*
  "" : " ... "?* 
  ,  " "?*
 ?*
,""?* 
,    ?*
 ?*
 ,        ?*
           ... ?*
  ?*
,        ?*
   ,   ?*
 , ?*
 ,     ?*
  ?*
?*
,?*
   ,   ?*
    -?*
 ?*
  ?*
,      ,      ""?*
  ,         ?*
 ?*
,     ""?*
, : "", " ", " "?*
,    -?*
,     . ?*
,     ,     ?*
-  ,     ?*
         (   ),   "  "?*
       ?*
,?*
,   ,      ,    ... ( . , " " )?*
 ?*
  ?*
,   ?*
,?*
 ?*
   ?*
      ?*
  ?*
 ?*
-?*
  -     ?*
 -  ?*
  ?*
       (    1999 )?*
   ,   ?*
  ?*
,    -       ?*
,    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
     ?*
 ?*
,   "  "?*
,""?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 ,   ,         ?*
 ?*
?*
 ,   ,   /200 ?*
  ,  ,?*
   , ?*
    ?*
    ,         ?*
,?*
       ?*
,,?*
 ?*
,...?*
?*
   - - 1200 ,      14  .           .  ?*
   (376 000 .) -    ,   (-28     ) -    ,       ,  ... ?* 
,    ?*
  ,   ,     ... -  ?*
 ,    ?*
   ?*
  , ,   ?*
             - " "  ... ?*   
        ... ?*
         -  . ?*
   ,     ,  ... ?*
        - ?*
  ,   ,   ?*
         ... ?*
   ,  "      "?*
   ,  ""  ... ?*
   ,  ",     ,    ,        "?*
  , "  - ,  -   ",   - ... ?* 
   ,  ,       ?*
    ,  "   "?*
   . , "-   ,     ,    ... "?* 
   , ,       ,   ,    -  ... ?* 
  ,  ,  ... ?* 
  ,     -  ... ?*
  ,  " ,    "?*
  ,  " ,      "?*
   -       ,       ... ?*
 ,       ,          .  ?* 
  ,      . ?* 
  ,        :   ...   ?*
      ?*3
 ya  a o e  e  yea c  ?*
   , "     ,       ."   ... ?* 
       ... ?*
  ,   ,    ,  ...-?*11
    ,   - ... ?*
  ,  "  ,     "?*
       ,     -    ... ?*
           -  ,  -  ,  -     -  ,    ...?* 
        ?*
"".,",-..."?*
.",",-?*
- " cat" : )  )  )  )   )  ?*
   ?*
  6 ,   ,  6   ,  6      .     ... ?*
 ,   - " ",       ?*
            , ?*
 . "... ,  ..."?*
 .?*
    ?*
?*
(.)?*
          ?*
         ?*
  : " !    ..."?*
: "   ,    ..."?*
   ?*
   ?*
    1  1941    "Der Angriff"?*  , !
    1983 .    ""  .?* 
       ?*
       ,   - 3 ,    ... ?*
 -   ?*
  ?*
?*
;.?*
   ?*
,?*
 ?*
?*
?*
?*
 ,    ,     ?*
 ,      ?*
  ,    : ",    !"?*
    ?*
  ?*
   ,        .  ?*
 ,    ,   ?*
  ,   XIX    ?*
    ?*
         ?*
        "Metallica" - ?*
    ?*
,     ,       .    ... ?* 
...,?*
, ?*
  . ?*
,,(.)?*
,-?*
,   ?*
, p   ?*
     ?*
      . ?*
. ?*
  ?*
,,?*
         ?*
,(.)?*
     ?*
 .   ?*
,    , ,     ?*
 ,     1919   ?*
 ?*
 - ""    "",    ...?*
,   1?*
 ,   ?*
  ?*
       ?*
   ?*
      ?*
 , ?*
    ?*
     ?*
   ?*
   ?*
 ,?*
,  ?*
?*
  : "  , ?"   - (  )  ... ?*
 ,      ?*
   ?*
,?*
,.?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
,    ''''.*
?*
-,  ?*
  ,    ?*
 ya,  o ee oea o ,   , o pc*
 ,      ,   ,   ...?*
     ... (/)?*
   ?*
  (1473 - 1543),    ?*
  ""?*
     ?*
    ?*
    ?*
  ?*
   ?*
     ?*
   ?*
   , ?*
    ?*
 " "?  ,      ?*
   ?*
  ?*
?*
,      ?*
   ,     (  )?*
      ?*
,  -   " ",  ,       .  ?*
        ... ?*3 
?*
     ?*
- "  "  "". "" - , , "".    ""?*
       ?*
  -?*
 ,     ,  ""?*
 ,     II?*
  ,    ?*
 -  70-?*
   , , ,   ?*
 .  ?*
 ,   ,     ?*
     , "    "?*
     ?*
,-,""?*
 ,            -       ?*
 "    "?*
   ,        ?*
   ?*
   ,    ,   ... ?*-
 ,   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,?*
 ,  ,   ?*
         . , ,   "  ."  ?*
  ?*
   .?*
   . ,   ()?*
?*
 ?*
?*
 ?*
   .   (1949).?*
   ,     ?*
,?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ?*
     -     ... ?*7
   ICQ -  ... (/)?*
       ?*
()?*
ae a co o, aee  c*
  ?*
    ... ?* 
       ... ?*
           ,     .   ...  ?* 
 ,           ,      - ... ?* 
    ,   1492 ?*
      .   ?*
       ?*
    ... ?* 
  ?*
 ,     - " ...   "?*
  ,  ?*
,   -?*
      ,   ?*
     ?*
   ?*
 " "  1965 ,     4 ,    -   ,    ... ?*
 : " .     ..." ?* 
: "  ,   - ..."?*
: "   ,     ..."?*
: "  ,    ,   ,    ..."?*
: "   -  ,     - ..."?*
: "      :   ,   ..."?*
: "     ..."?*
: "  ,    ..."?*
:",..."?*
:",..."?*
:",,,:"?*
:"-,-..."?*
:"Ӡ..."?*
       ?*
         ?* 
         ?*
       , ,   " "?*
,?*
     ... (/)?*
   ?*
  "    "?*
          ?*
        ?*
  ,        ... ?* 
,      ?*
,   ,   ,  ,    ?*
,      ?*
       ?*
?*
,?*
, , ?*
    ,    ?*
     ?*
         ?*
 ,    ,      ?*
   ,   ,   ?*
   -  ?*
-?*
  " "      ... ?* 
,     ?*
  ?*
  ?*
     ?*
?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
-?*
      ,   " "?*
   ,     ?*
        ?*
   " "  ?*
 ,       ?*
?*
, ,   ?*
     "".    - ... ?*
 " "?*
 ,     ?*
     ?*
,  ., . ?*
, ?*
  -   ?*
  ?*
 "3 - 5 - 7"    ... ?*
  -    ?*
 ?*
     - ?*
   ?*
  ?*
 ,    ?*
 :  ,  ,  ...         - ... ?*  
  ?*
     ?*
  ?*
 ,  ?*
 ?*
,        ?*
,            , ?*
,     : "  ,   ,    ,   "?* 
,    ?*
   ?*
,?*
,     ?*
       ?*
  , ?*
/,?*
,.,?*
       ?*
       ?*
    ?*
  ,  ?*
  , , ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
     ?*
  ?*
 - ?*
      ,          .   - ... ?*
   ?*
  ?*
      ?*
  ?*
 ?*
     ... ?*
   ?*
  ,  ?*
 -   ?*
-. .  1868-74 .;   ?*
, ?*
   ""?*
   ,     . (, , , )?*
 ,  .   ""  ,  "   "?*
?*
     ,  ,     ( 1620 )?*
 ?*
,      ?*
  . ?*
 .*
     ,    ?*
 ?*
     ?*
    ,     ,   - .       ... ?* 
           .  ... ?*
  ?*
   ,/  :/...! ...!  / . ( . , "" )?*
       ?*
         ?*
   ?*
           - ?*
   ?*
     ?*
   ?*
     ?*
   ?*
      ?*
  ,      ?*
  ?*
,.?*
?*
?*
,     ?*
,    ?*
,    ?*
   ?*
     ()  () -      ?*
,,(.)?*
?*
 -  -   ?*
  ?*
  ,   ?*
  .*
  ,   ,            ./?*
  ,   ?*
 ?*
  ,   , "  "?*
?*
,     ?*
    ?*
  ?*
,    ?*
?*
, ,     ( )?*
, ?*
      XVI    ?*
,      ?*
?*
   -    ?*
, ?*
  , ?*
 ?*
     -  ... ?*
 , "", "", ""  "  "  ?*
           ?*
    ... ?*
     " "   ... ?* 
,     ,           -      ... ?* 
 , ?*
      ... ?*
   ?*
?*
   . ?*
  ?*
  ?*
    ?*
   ?*
   ?*
      (  )?*
  ?*
   ?*
  (, , )    ?*
?*
,,?*
       , , ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ,      ?*
,,,?*
-, - ?*
    , ?*
.?*
  ?*  
*
?*
   I        ,          .  ?*
   I        ,       .  ?*
 ,   ,    ...      ?*
    : "    "?*
 ?*
,?*
      ?*
 , ?*
  ?*
,      (. .)?*
   ?*
  ,   .?*
,?*
    .. ?*
   : "   -         ,      ..."?*
 : "   ,  ..."?*
   ,  ?*22
    ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
     ?*
 ?*
  ?*
    ?*
?*
,       ,    ?*
,,?*
,-?*
 ,  ?*
   ?*
       .?*
 ,       (: "   ...")?*
       ?*
     ?*
.?*
  ?*
  ?*
      ""  ... ?*
 ?*
   (" " . )?*
  ,     ?*
   ?*
, (.)?*
, ?*
,   ?*
   -  , , ?*
,  ,     : " !"?*
 ,  1/1440 ?*
 ,  3600 ?*
 ,  9 192 631 770  ,          -133?*
 ,      ?*
 ,  3600 ?*
 ,  ?*
 ,      ?*
  ?*
      ?*
     : "  ,   ,     : ...,   , ,       "?*
   ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ,      ()?*
 ,   ,  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
    ?*
    -  .  (.)?*
,    ,   ?*
  ?*
   ?*
  ,   , ?*
        ,,  ?*
  ?*
     ?*
-    " "?*
,   ,   ?*
?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,    " "?*
 ?*
 ,  ?*
   55   .     ,  ,           .  : "  ... "?*
    ,          .  ,    ... ?*  
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
         ?*
      -  ,   .   ?*
       ?*
  ?*
         ..?*
 ?*
 Intel Celeron   - 2-   ... K?*128
     , , ,  ?*
 , ,  !   , ... -  . ?*
  ,  10,0   ?*
  ,      ?*
     ,    "" - ?*
,       ?*
    ,       ,     ?*
 ,  ?*
;?*
?*
?*
?*
?*
e ea*
 ?*
,    ?*
    ?*
:(.,,)?*
 : "    ,    ..."?*
 ,  ?*
 . ?*
  ?*
 ,   ,   ?*
   ?*
   ,     ?*
, ""  ?*
,   ,   ?*
,  ?*
  ?*
  ;  ?*
   ?*
       ?*
,,?*
      ?*
   (.)?*
 ,   4- ""  ?*
  ?*
 ,   ,      ?*
   ?*
,   ,  ?*
,,?*
  ?*
  ?*
    ,      ,   ... ?*
       ...?*
 ,         ... ?*
 : "     ,   - ,    -  "   ... ?*
     ?*
     ?*
 ;  .;  ?*
 ?*
   - ?*
 ?*
 ""?*
,?*
   ,  : -     ...".       ,     ?*
 ..?*
 ?*
  ?*
      ... ?*
  ?*
  .-..;  ?*
  ,     ?*
   ...   :    ,       ,   ?*
  : 500    12  10 , 780    20 , 1    25  9 ,      "" 2  ?*51
,?*
     .  ... ?*
  ?*
 ?*
,        ?*
    ?*
?*
,   ?*
,  ,    , -  ?*
Windows95?*
 ! -     ?* 
  ?*
-     ?*
 . ?*
  ,  ?*
  ,   FM ?*
  ,   FM ?* 
 : "   ,   ..."?*
     ,   ...   ?*
            ?*
   ?*
 ?*
,      ?*
,     ?*
,?*
 ,        ?*
 ,  ,  ,        ,     ?*
    ?*
 ,   ?*
 ,   ?*
 ?*
 ,  ?*
 ,   , ,  ?*
 ,    ?*
 ?*
 ,   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,?*
,?*
, ?*
       .  - ,   - ... ?* 
      ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
  (    )?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ,             .   ?*
?*
,?*
  ?*
?*
,coo. ?*
,?*
 -  ,   .  -      ?*
 ,      .         -  ... ?*
  : , , ...      ... ?*
,     WarCraft?*
     .     .   ,   ,     .  ... ?* 
   ,    .?*
 ?*
    ?*
 -  ?*
    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
         ?*
 .?*
 ?*
,,,?*
    (, , )?*
(,,)?*
   ?*
 . ?*
 . .?*
  ?*
,       " "   ?*
,-?*
 ?*
?*
,   , ?*
   ?*
   ,      ?*
      ... ?*
  ?*
,     -    ?*
,  ?*
 ,  - , ?*
,    ?*
 ?*
         ?*
 ...    ! )  )   ) - ) - ) ?*
  " ,    "(1975)?*
     ?*
   "--"(1986)?* 
  "  "?*
  ""?* 
  ""?*
,        ?*
    ?*
  ?*
  , ""  " "?*
            .   ?*
  ?*
    ?*
  ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
     ?*
   ?*
,      1378     ?*
, .   ?*
, .   ?*
,    ?*
,    ?*
,      "  ..."?*
,   "" ?*
,   .  " - ..."?*
,    ?*
,  ?*
,     : " , ,   "?*
,":"?*
,."-:"?*
,"Ƞ,:"?*
 ?*
  (): " -    ..."?*
 ?*
 " "    ?*
-      , ?*
-    ,     ?*
,   1-  ..   ,       .  4-      ?*
 -   ... ?*
   ,      -  - ?*
?*
 ''p''.*
 ?*
    ""  ?*
  ?*
?*
    (, ),     ,       .?*
,?*
       ... ?*
 , ,       ,   ?*
 ,  (121-180) -  ... ?*
      : "...          ."  ?*
 , ?*
 ?*
   -?*
 ?*
,,?*
 ,     ?*
       ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 :                  ,      ?*
 ,      ?*
  ,    ?*
     ,     -  ... ?*
  . ?*
   " "?*
  -  ... ?* 
   - ,       .         - -".     . ??*
   -          ... ?* 
 ?*
      ?*
  (  1917)?*
 .     .  " "?*
     ?*
 .    "  "?*
  ",  " -    .       . ?*
,      ,  "" ?*
,?*
 " " ?*
 .?*
 .?*
  ?*
 . ?*
 .?*
""?*
  ,     ?*
.  , 19 ?*
.  ?*
    , ,       ?*
  ( "   ", "  "  .)?*
 ,         ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 -, ?*
 ,   1812 . (1763-1812)?*
 ,   ?*
   (1870 - 1918 .)?*
    -?*
  ("  ")?*
   XVIII ?*
  ,    (1937).  30- .     ,    " -1".    .?*
      "" ?*
 ,   "", " " (1957-95)?*
 .   (1958,   . .   . . ).?*
,?*
   ,    . -   ?*
 -         ... (. )?*
 ?*
       ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ""  1973-85    ... ?*
     ?*
   ?*
   ?*
     ?*
. : ; ; . ?*
. ?*
. ;  ?*
. ,    ?*
. , ;   (1607 .)?*
. , ?*
 ""?*
 ,      ?*
 ; . ?*
   ?*
  ,  12,299 ?*
  ,  3,27984 ?*
  ,  8   1/8  (26,2387 )?*
  ,  10  (25,4  )?*
  ,  21,336 ?*
  ,  254  ()?*
  ,  4  (177,8 )?*
  ,  44,45 ?*
  ,  40  (16,3805 )?*
  ,  44,4349 ?*
  ,  10925,4 .?*
 : " ,  ,  -  ,  -  ."  ?*
   ?*
  , ?*
   ?*
   14-18 .?*
 ,          -?*
,?*
 -,   ?*
         ... ?*
 ,     (.),   (. ),  ... ?*
       ...  (, )?*
 : ; ; . ; ?*
 ,     ?*
 ,   "  ", "  "?*
 ,     -     ?*
 ,   " ", "  "?*
 ,   " "?*
 ,   "  "?*
 ,   ""?*
 ?*
 ,       .         ?*
 (  ),       ?*
 ,   ''''.*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,      ?*
   ?*
 ?*
  ( , )?*
 , " "?*
 ,   "  "?*
  18-19 ,  ,   "", .  II?*
 ,   "  "?*
   (1874-1948), .         ,   1922     .    ... ?*
 ,    .   ?*
    XX ?*
 : "  ... -  ,      !"?*
 ,  ?*
 ,     ?*
           (- "" - )?*
  - ... (" ")?* 
 ?* 
,  ?*
   ?*
  ?*
        ?*
?*
     ?*
  .*
,    ,  " "?*
,    ,   , -  ... ?*
,,,-.?*
-?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    ,    ,      -  ?* 
?*
    ?*
 ?*
   ?*
         ?*
 -?*
         "     ".    ?*
       .  e  ... ( )?*
       ? ''C ...''*
      ?*
         ?*
         ?*1
    ?*-
    -  ... ?*
         ?*
     :  ,   .       -   ... ?* 
      ,    ?*
        .      ... ?*
       "  ",     ... ?* 
     - ,     -   ?*
   ''''?*
            -  -  ...?* 
.  : "    -  ..."?*
eoeo-.,a.,, ?*
,          ?*
  ""  ""?*
    ,    ?*
 ?* 
   ... ?*
 "" ?*
    ,     1,32 ?*
   .*
       ?*
    ?*
     ?*
    ?*
    ?*
    (5 800 )?*
   ,  . 3500 .      1 . ?*
      ... ?*  
    "  " ?* 
  ,    ?*
  ?*
  ""   ?*
    ?*
     ?*
   ( 2 ) -      (  600 )?*
   ( 2 ) -      (  600 )?* 
   -   .       - ... ?*
     ?*-
     ?*
     ?*
  ?*
     ?*
- ... ?*
 ?*
, , , , ,  -   ...?*
 ?*
 "" ,     -   ?*
  ( 1 424 000 .)    ?*
  ( 5 726 000 .)    ( 10830 )   ?*
       .   1,2-2 ,  30-40  -  " ..."?*
    .*
    ( 150-160 )?*
  ?*
 ,   ,     "-"   ... ?* 
     ?*
   ?*
  ?*
    ?*
    ,   ... ?*
 ""     ... ?*- 
       - (./.)?* 
     - ?*
        ?*
2,?*
 ?*
   ,     ?*
     ?*
     (.)?*
 .    . ?*
,      ?*
,   ?*
      ... ?* 
     - .    ?*72
     ( 1840 .,  140 .)   ... ?*
     ?*
    ?*
     ?*
  ""    ?*
    ?*
  ?*
           ...?* 
      ?* 
   ?*
  ?*
   ?*
    ?*
     ?*
   ?*
    ?*
   (   3400 ),        " ",  - .      ?*
   ?*
.?*
        ... ?*
          .       ?*
      -       ,       180   ... ?*
    ... ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 , "" . ?*
  ( )?*
 ,  ?* 
,?*
  ?*
     (, 1909),  , ,   . ?*
  ?*
  -      ... ?*   
   ?*
  ,     ?*
 ?*
   ?*
,?*
      ,          -  ?*
,        ,  ,   60-?*
   ?*
   ?*
   " ..."?* 
   ?*
     ,      ""?*
  ,        ?*
    ?*
 , ?*
     " "  ... ?*
        ?* 
     "    "?* 
              "".  ?*
       .  ... ?* 
      - ""   ... ?*
 ""       ...   ..?*240
   ,   1913    ""?*
  "12 "        ,   ... ?* 
?*
    : " ,      ."  ?*
      ,     ,    "".  ?*
             .   ?* 
    ?*
?*
.?*
,,?*
    ?*
      ,      ?*
       ""?*
.  ()?*
- , .  (  )?*
  . . ?*
  ?*
    .           - ... ?*
o pe, o a  a c a?*
 ,      ?*
,?*
 , : ",  ...  " -  ?*
  ?*
?*
e o pce*
      ,  ?*
    ().   10 ?*
          ,      "  "?*
   :  ,   ,   ,   ,  ,      ...?* 
,    ,    .         . - ?* 
    : "   .      .    ...?* 
 .*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
       1921    ,    . ?*
   ?*
   ?*
?*
   ?*
   ,  ?*
 ?*
?*
        -         .  ?*
(.)?*
  ?*
,    1   1 /      ?*
        ?*
,(.)?*
 -  ?*
  ?*
     (.)?*
,,?*
   ;  , ?*
 ;  ;  .?*
 @    ... (.)?*at
    ?*
   ?*
         ?*
      ?*
       ?*
     .       ... ?*
 ?*
 , ?*
  (.)?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 , ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  (.)?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  (.)?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,   ?*
, "" ?*
    :) ?*
     XVIII    ...,     . ?*
      1565-72 .,       ?*
    ?*
 ,     ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    ?*
  ?*
      ?*
(,)?*
,    ,      ?*
  Intel CA810  ... ?*
 ,           ?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ..?*
 .,    ?*
 ,   ?*
 ,       ?*-
 ,       ?*
 ,    ?*
 ?*
?*
   (.)?*
  ?*
     (.)?*
(.)?*
?*
   , ?*
   ?*
           ?*
  22?*
           ?* 
        ?*15
   ,     ... ?*
   " " -      ?* 
    ?*4
      ?*100
           - ""?*12
     ?*7
    ?*6
    ?*25
    ?*
   ?*32
     ?*402
    ?*78
        ?*1
   ?*4
      ,    ?*3200
        ?*195
      ?*108
    ( )?*
    ?*  
      "  "?*4
    ?*1300
        ?*600
   ,   -  ?*55
   -  ?*17
    ?*
          ?*44
    ?*1
   ?*
     ?*500
    "  "?*12
   ?*2
       ?*186
   ?*
     ?*3
     .  "  "?*11
?*
.?*
?*
?*
, ?*
        .      ;    .      ,   ?*
?*
,    ?*
 ?*
, ,   .         ?* 
    ,      "... "?*
,        ?*
 ?*
 ,          ?*
pp?*
,?*
   ?* 
   ?*
   ?*
   ?*
      ?*
 ,       ?*
?*
     ?*
 :     ;    ;     ... ?* 
 :     ;    ;     ... ?* 
 ?*
oe eoe*
       ?*
    ?*
  ?*
 ""  ""    .    -      ...?*
?*
 ""    ... ?*
 ""   ,  ... ?*
   ?*
""-"".?*
,?*
, ""     ,      ?*
,       ,   ?*
,       ,       (  )?*
,               ,   ?*
,   ?*
,  ,     ?*
,      ,   ?*
,    ?*
,     ?*
,?*
-,    ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
,?*
  ?*
,  ,   .., ?*
     GSM  ... (./.)?*
 ?*
 ... , ...  ?*
...,...?*
  ?* 
, ?*
,,?*
 -     ,   .      ,   ?*
  +  ?*
     ?*
 ?*
    ,   1793         (  15 .)?*
      -  ... ?* 
 ?*
,,?*
  ?*
;?*
 ()   .*
       ,           .  ?*
   ,  ,     . ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,.,?*
  ,   ?*
op  oea ooo*
      ?*
,   ,      ?*
.?*
,  -, . , , ?*
   ,         ..?*
  ?*
  ,     ?*
,  -,  -.*
,?*
. : -; ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
.  ; . ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. , -    "", ?*
. , ?*
.  ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. ?*
. -; . ?*
.  ()?*
. , ?*
.-, .   1946?*
  ?*
 - -  ... ?*
,   .  ?*-
  ?*
 ,    ",  "?*
 : "        ..."?*
 : "    ,     ..."?*
 ,   "": "    , ,    .      ,  ..."?*
:",..."?*
 ?*
 ?* 
  ,    : :  " !   ?" - "... "?*
 ,      ,       ?*
 ?*
  ?*
 ,   ""?*
   ,     ?*
  ?*
    ?*
   ,   ?*
       ?*
  (  )   ?*
 ,  ?*
 -  ?*
 , ,       ?*
,,?*
 ?*
  ,      .           ,     .       ?*
  ,   : " ,   ,  ,    ,      ". ?*
  ,   : " ,   ,  ,   ,      ". ?*
 ,   ,      ?*
  ,       .     " "    . ,       .   ?*
  ,    -  ,  -  ,  -  ,   -  ... ?*
   . ,     ... ?*
  ,       ,    ... ?*
           . ?*
,,?*
-?*
   ?*
  ,  ?*
   ,    - ?*
    ()?*
    ?*
?*
   ,  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
?*
  ,   ?*
,    ?*
 -?*
 -?*
     ?*
  ?*
?*
  " "?*
 ?*
?*
,     ?*
,?*
  ""?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
,     ?*
 , ?*
     ?*
    ?*
    ?*
,      - .   -  (  )   ?*
 . X. ?*
 .?*
  ?*
?*
 . ?*
   (  1911,   1981-1989, )?*
   (  )?*
  ,         ?*
 ?*
  ?*
   ?*
   . .  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,,?*
   ?*
  () , ,      , ,   . .      ?*
   ?*
   -  ,  ,  ?*
    ?*
  , ?*
     ?*
 , , ,      ?*
    (.)?*
          (       )?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,                 -  ?*
  ?*
     ?*
    ?*
   ?*
      ?*
?*
,  ,    ?*
  ?*
     (.)?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
-?*
       ?*
,       "",     VII,       "  "?*
  ,   ?*
   ?*
   ""  "" - ?*
  ?*
   ?*
   ?*
    ?*
,  , ?*
-?*
    " "?*
   ?*
?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
   ?*
   ,    ...! ( )?*
      ... ?*
  -   ?*
 ,  .   .      ?*
 (--)?*
       ?*
  ?*
, ?*
?*
     ?*
    ,     ,    ?*
    : )  )  )  )  ?*
 - ?*
,  ,   19-22 ?*
,     ,     ?*
,?*
?*
-,?*
   ?*
    ?*
 ,     ,   ?*
,,?*
   ?*
     ?*
 ?*
         ,   ?*
       ... ?*
  .       ?*
.?*
      ?*
    ?*
;,?*
 ,       ?*
 ,    1877 .    23 460 .      ""?*
 ,    1877 .    9400 .      ""?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ,      "-2"  1980 .     378000 ,   30 ?*
                   .       ?* 
        ?*
 ?*
 ,    1610 .    422000 ,  3630 ,  ?*
        1676    ?*
   .     "... "?*
       .   -   .   ?*
      ,   .  ... ?*
 ,     ?*
    -?*
 ?*
   ?*
        ?*
   ?*
 ?*
   2-   ( 32 ,  4-5 .,  85  , 2 ,  45-90 ,   55 /.)?*-34
   ?*
  ?*
  ,   ?*
       (.)?*
,""?*
,?*
   ,    ?*
, ?*
,       ?*
aoco o ?*
p "pacoc"?*
     -?*
,?*
 ?*
  ,     ?*
 -  ,                 .   ... ?* 
 ,        ... ?*
  ?*
   ?*
    ?*
  ,  .?*
.  ?*
?*
 ,     ... ?* 
 ?*
      , ?*
  ?*
   , 10 ?*
   ?*
 (16-17 )       ("  ")?*
 ,      ?*
   ?*
  , ?*
       .*
   ?*
3-4-?*
-,?*
?*
   -  ""   "" -    .  - - "" -       .         .  ?*
  ?*
    ?*
    ,        ?*
-.?*
 .  ,   -   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
    ... ?* 
    ... ?*
?*
       ?*
,?*
      ?*
,     ?*
,   ?*
   ?*
  ?*
 : " ...   ".   ?*
, ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ,    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
. .;  ?*
   ;    " " 17-18 .?*
 ; . .?*
     ... ?*
 ..?*
 ..?*
 ..?*
  14       ?*
,-?*
      ?*
    :  ?*
 ,  .. : " ,    "?*
 ?*
 ?*
  , ,   ..?*
    , , ?*
 14-  (1988 .)?*
 XVIII  ?*
 ?*
 ?* 
 -, . .    (  )?*
 ?*
 - ?*
  ?*
   - ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  ?*
 ?*
    15 .?*
    15.?*
 ?*
 .*
     ... ?*
  ?*
  ?*
   -     - ... ?*
    ,     .    ?*
 ?*
    ?*
 ,        ?*
 ?*
,?*
 ,   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ,  ?*
 ,  "" ?*
        16-18 ?*
  ,    ""?*
  ?*
        ?*
"?*
,-?*
,     16    ?*
,       - ?*
,      --?*
,   6     ?*
,     ""?*
,      ?*
,      100- ?*
,     ?*
,     ?*
,       ?*
,         ,    -  ... ?*
,  ,   ,      ,   642  ,         ?*
,         ?*
,,?*
,""?*
 ?*
  ?*
    -  ... ?*
     ,       ,   ?*
 ?*
      ... ?*
 ,   ""?*
 ?*
?*
    ?*
 -,    ?*
, , ,  -   ... ?*
  , ?*
  ?*
?*
?*
?*
 : ",       "    -    ... ?*
,      ?*
  4 ?*
   ,  ,         .  ?*
  .*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
,      ?*
  , ,    ?*
  ,       ?*
 ""  ?*
       ?*
,     ?*
 ?*
?*
        , ,     ?*
  ,           ?*
  ,      ?*
,:"-...!"?*
  ?*
 ,    -  ... ?*
     ,  ... ?* 
   ?*
   ?*
,,,?*
 ,    ?*
  ?*
,     ;    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
,       ?*
      ?*
,    , ,   . ( )?*
  : " -   ..."?*
     - ... ()?*
 -    ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  ?*
,       ?*
          ... ?*
 ,      ?*
   ,    .?*
     .. "   "?*
 ,     912 .  941  944    ,    .   945 . ,     .  ?*
   ?*
,?*
     ("  ")    ... ?*
?*
   ,      ... ?*
   ?*
opo oa*
,   ?*
,3,,?*
,?*
       ?*
        ?*
     ,       ?*
  ,     1825       ?* 1
    ,      : " ...   "?*
  ,   ,   ?*
   ?*
    ,      ?*
      ?*
  ,    ?*
      ,  -    XVIII ?*
   ,    " "?*
     - : " ... "?* 
         ?* 
       ?*
      " "?*
      ""?*
  ,     ?*-
,   ,       ?*
      ,       .  ... ?* 
    ,  ,      ?*
,?*
       ""?*
       - .    ?*
   ?* 
,:)?*
   ?*
,   ?*
 ,  ?*
 ()?*
 ,   ?*
 ,   ,,  ?*
     ?*
 ,  ?*
  ,   ,  ,       ?*
  ;  ;   ,  ;    , , , ... . (., " ")?*
,       ?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
       ... ?*
  "  !"    ... ?*
,     -?*
      ?*
-    ?*
              . ?*  
, , , , ,  ?*
 ?*
          ,       ,   ?*
   ?*
    ?*
 ?*
-   ?*
    ?*
?*
 ,       ?*
,   ?*
?*
  -   ?*
   ?*
  ,            ?*
   ?*
  , ?*
  ?*
  ?*
       ?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    ?*
  ?*
 ,      ?*
     ?*
..14.1830?*
  ?*
  ,        ... ?*
  ,    " "?*
,   ,     ?*
?*
 ,   (    )?*
 ,   ,   ?*
 ,  ?*
 , ?*
 , ?*
,?*
,        ?*
,       : "  "?*
,      ,       ?*
,        ,       .    ... ?* 
,      99,2%,     -  6,3%?*
,      ,  ,  ?*
,  " "     ?*
,      ?*
,           ?*
,     ?*
,       ,      ?*
,    ,   ... ?*
,     ?*
,      ,    ?*
,     ,   ,          .         ,     .  ?*
,        ?*
,   ,      . (, , , )?*
,   ,      ?*
,     ,      ?*
,       ?*
,       ,    -  ?*
,?*
,,,?*
,,?*
,,  ?*
      . ,  ,   ,  : "  ... "?* 
 ,    ?*
     ?*
  ?*
  ?*
,?*
 : " ,     ;    ,   :   ... ?* 
  ?*
   -   ?*
      I,   "".  ... ?* 2
        '.   ... ?*
  ,     - ,    -  19 ,        .  ... ?*
   -    ?*
         ?*
            ,       .  ?*1 
-?*
      "Unbreak my heart",   "... my hard".  (/)?*
 ;   ?*
  ,   ?*
  ?*
 ?*
    ,      ,    .   ,     ,    (.  .)?*
     ?*
 ,    ?*
  ,    ?*
.,?*
    ,    ?*
  ?*
   ,   ?*
(.)?*
   ,  -   ;   -    -. ?*
  ,   ?*
 ,      ?*
 ?*
  ?*
  , ?*
  ,  "   "?*
,,?*
,       ,      ?* 
,        ,   ,     ?*
,?*
,?*
,,?*
 ,        ( , , )?*
  ?*
     ?*
  ,  ?*
,     ?*
, ?*
  ?*
           ?*
   ,       -?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 . ?*
 ?*
    ?*
?*
    ?*
    ?*
?*
,         ?*
,        ?*
    "" - ?* 
 ,          ?*
,?*
     , .   .?*
, " "?*
  ?*
        - 7,5 ?*
 - ,  - ,  - ... ?* 
  -      (.)?*
,(.)?*
 , ,   ..,     ?*
.     ?*
      ?*
   -  ... ?*
   ,    ,         ...?* 
    -  ... ?*
   ?*
       ?*
 " "?*
  ?*
  ?* 
 ?*
  ?*
   ?*
             ,   ?* 
  ?*
 (.)?*
?*
"  "?*
 ?*
   ?*
 ?*
     ?*
  ?*
,?*
  ?*
  ,    0/00?*
  ,    ?*
e, oa ec *
      ... ?*
      (.)?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
    ""  19 ?*
              .     ... ?*
   :   ,  ...    ?*
  - ,   - ,   - ,    .   ?*
 : ,  ,   ?*
     ,      ?*
  - "",   - ""?*
     .       ?*
    - ,  ,   .    ?*
     (" ")?*
        ,    (17   22)?*
      -   1?*
         ?*
     ""?*
 ,      ,     .  ?*
  - "",    - "",    - ... ?*
   ,    - - ?*
  : "   -    ". - ,     -.          ""  (  4-5 ).  ?*
      ,   -   ,    -   -.   ... ?*
  99 ,  ,    ,     .  ... ?*
     ?*
      ,     ,      -   .    ?*
  :    ?*
    ,   ?*
       ,  -    ?*
           (   !).   ... ?*
            .        ?* 
 :   , -     ?*
     ?*-
   ...........,   ?*
      ,   ,    . - ?*
 : ""  ?*
    IV   ""     -  . ?*
   ,   - ,     - ... ?* 
  ,     -  - :      ... ?* 
  - 1;   - 3;    - 5.  ?*
 . - ,  . - ?*
   ,        200 .  ?*
     - " "?*-
          -  ... ?*
          ?*
         (.     ,    ,  ). ?*
     100 ,    - 22 , ..   22%   -     , ,   ...    -?*
Ӡ-?*
Ӡ,?*
.  -       ?*
    .   ?*
,   ,   ,      ... ?*
  ?*
  ?*
,  ?*
  , ?*
,    ?*
   ,     : "   ?" ",      ." -   .  ?*
 ?*
        ,       ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ,     15-20 ,    - ... ?*
  ,    ,  , ,  ,  ?*
     ?*
-     ,    ... ?*
 ,  , ?*
   ?*
 ?*
.,?*
       - ?*
    ?*
   ,   ...   ,  ( . , "  " )?*
 ?*
   ,   ?*
      ?*
,?*
   ?*
      ?*
    ?*
   ,      . ?*
,,(.)?*
;?*
,  . ()?*
 ,   ?*
 -,   " "?*
 , ?*
  "" ... ?* 
""?*
       ( ,  )        ?*
     ?*
  ?*
,   ?*
,,..?*
, ?*
   ?*
 ?*
?*
  ,     ?*
  ?*
  -,   ?*
,   ?*
,          ("  " . ")?*
    ?*
,   ?*
   ?*
, ?*
   ?*
,,?*
  ,   ?*
?*
    ?*
 ,  , : "...  "?*
  ,   ,      ?* 
    ?*
?*
       . ,     ?*
?*
  ?*
  ,     ?*
  ,  ?*
   ?*
      - ?*
 ?*
  ,   ?*
?*
 -     .  ?*
 ,   -?*
.         ?*
   ?*
   ?*
   .*
  ?*
  "" ?*
      ?*
(,),?*
?*
?*
?*
, , ,  -.   ?*
,  "keyboard",   ... ?* 
,      ?*
,,-?*
,    ?*
-?*
        ,      ,   ?*
?*
,-?*
       ?*
 ?*
  "" (),     6-5   ..  - -,   ,   ?*
  ?*
   p    ?*
          ?*
  ?*
,?*
 ,     70 .  ,        .    - .   ?*
,       ,    ?*
,     ?*
,    ?*
.       ... ?* 
 , ?*
       ?*
               ?*
,,?*
 39-      ... ?*
  ,  ""  ?*
        ?*
  ?*
   " "?*
 ,          ?*
  ,  " ", ""  "",         ... ?*
""?*
,""?*
,?*
  ?*
.  ?*
    ?*
-?*
-,   ?*
  ,       ,    ?*
         :  - ... ?* 
 .   ,   -   ,  -  ;      ,         ?* 
 ,      ,     ?*
 ,  .        ,    ?*
 ,  ?*
    ( )  ;  ,       (   " "),       ?*
,    ,  .    .?*
 .  " ...  "?*
 . ?*
   .?*  
   .?*  
    (. )?*
 .?*
,     ?*
,,?*
   ?*
  - " "?*
   ?*
          ?*
 ,   ,     " "?*
       ?*cisco
       ?*
- *
   ?*
,""- ... ?*
   ,  ?*
   ... ?* 
     2- ?*
     6-  -  ... ?* 
     8-  -  ... ?* 
: " : ,      ,      ...!"?*
 ?*
            ?*
  ?*
 ,        ?*
  ?*
 ?*
      - , , ....?*
;?*
,?*
, ,  ?*
  , , ?*
?*
,?*
.?*
 " ! !"  ... ?*
,     : " ,   ..."?*
 -    ,   ...*
 "  ,      .   ,   "   ... ?*
  -      ... ?*
.  19 .?*
. ,   ""?*
. ,   "  "?*
. ?*
. ,  "", ""?*
. ?*
 - "",  - "",  - .?*
  80,   100,     180.     ... ?* 
 , "" " "  " -"?*
 ?*
 ,   Braveheart?* 
    ?*
         ,   .    ... ?*
   .   (1965,     ).?*
 ,    -      ?*
 , "", "", ""?*
    (1840 - 1904)?*
 ,   ?*
 ,   " "?*
 .   (1908).?*
  (1913-1960).   "",      .  -  .    .   ... ?*
    ?*
 ?*
 - "  ",  - "",  - ... ?*
 -  : "    ,     ..."?* 
  ,         .     ... ?* 
,        ?*
 ?*
, ,  -  ... ?*
 ,      ?*
      ... ?*
    "    ,      "?*
 ?*
?*
  ?*
   , , ?*
      ?*
,     ?*
  ... ?*
         ,      ... ?* 
  ,        - .*
     ,   ?*
       ?*
     (  .)  ?*
,"","XVIII?*
,  ""    ?*
.  . ,   ?*
. ,      ?*
. ,      ?*
. ,  - ?*
. , ?*
. , ?*
.(,,-)?*
       ,    ,     ... ?*
. ?*
. ?*
  -    ?*
 , ?*
 ,     ?*
 ,  ?*
 ,    ?*
,?*
 -,     ?*
    ?*
 ?*
.-,?*
   ?*
?*
?*
  " "?*2000
  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ?*
    ?*
     ?*
   .   90 .   ;    .    ?*
  ?*
  ,      ?*
  ?*
  ,        ?*
     ?*
  . ?*
       ?*
 ?*
     -   ... ?*
 ?*
,,(.)?*
 ?*
 ,          " "?*
  ?*
,.?*
   ?*
 ...,   ?*
 ... -   ,    .   ?*
  ,    ?*
         ,       .   ... ?*  
       "" -      . ?*
    - "  ",    .  ?*
      ,      ?*
  -   ... ?*
,      ?   ! -      "  "?*
,?!-?*
 "" ?*
       ,     ,       .      ?*   
      910 .      ,      .  1 (14) ?*  
        - -,        .  2 (15) ?* 
      ,         .  6 (19) ?*
 ,      ,       " "       .  25  (7 )?*
   ?*
     ?*
.?*
 p, p pp p?*
 ,     ?*
  ?*
     ?*
,  ,    ?*
  " "    ?*
  -  ... ?*
 ,     " "?*
  "   "     ... ?*
""?*
 ?*
 -   ... ?*
,  " "  ?*
 -     ... ?*
 -     ?*
,   ,   ,    ... ?*
 ,   ?*
      ?*
 ?*
 -  -?*
 ?*
,        ?*
,     ?*
-?*
   ?*
  ?*
  ?*
   ?*
    ?*
      ?*
   .  ""?*
   ?*
 ,        ?*
-,?*
 ,    ( , ,   ..)?*
 ?*
   ,      ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ,          ?*
     : "  13  1934   15  30                  ".  ?*
,     .?*
p oo ea?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
       ?*
    ... ?*
, ?*
 ?*
,      ?*
   ?*
   Pentium 4 ( )?*400
 ,     ?*
 , ,   , ?*
  ?*
 ?*
 ; . .; . ?*
 , ""  ,    ?*
   ?*
 ,     ?*
   ,      ?*
 ,   "  ",    ?*
     - " "?*
  (, )        ?*
 ?*
 , ""   ?*
 ,    " "?*
     ,     ?*
 ,     ?*
  ?*
 ,     ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
      ?*
 ?*
  ,  , , ?*
  ,  : 1)  ,  -; 2)   , -; 3) ?*
 ?*
  (  ),         1- ?*
 ,   ""  " "?*
 -?*
 ?*
,?*
p?*
,-?*
:,,,?*
,?*
     ,    ... ?*
 " "   ?*
      ?*
  ,  ?* 13
    ?*
     II  1914 ,   -  1920,    -  1987?* 
     ?*
 ,       ,  ?*
      ?*
  , , ?*
  639 ,    ... ?*4000
    ,    ?*
         ?*
  ,       ?*
    -?*
    " "?*
   ?*
  ?*
   ,    ,    -  ... ?*
          1701 .      ... ?*
,    ?*
,    ?*
,   ?*
,       ?*
,  ?*
,    - ?*
,      ,       ,     ... ?* 
,    ""?*
,   ,   ?*
,  ?*
,     ?*
,       , ?*
,  ""     ?*
,     ,        ?*
,  ?*
,?*
,,?*
,?*
,?*
,:"-?"?*
,,.?*
,-?*
,    ?*
,    ,     ,    ,    ,     ... ?*
   (.)?*
       ?*
       ?*
   ,   ?*
    -   1644 ?*
   -     ?* 
  ,  ?*
    ?*
     ?*
   ?*
    ?*
     ?* 
   ,    : " ,  ... "?*
    "    "?*
        ?*
  -    ?*
     ?*
    ,      ?*
         ?* 
   ,  ?*
6...?*
,    ,    ?*
,,?*
   ,    ?*
,?*
 -?*
     ?*
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
 ,  ?*
 ?*
      ... ?*4
      ... ?*
,4?*
    -    ?*
         ?*
     ... ?*  
       ... ?*
  ,   ?*
   16-  i80286?*68
        ,        MMX?*57
    ( )?*11
 ,          ?*
,?*
,  ?*
,     ?*
  ?*
 ,   ,  "",   ?*
    ,   ?*
      ?*
 . . ; ; . ?*
   ?*
     (19 .)?*
  ?*
        : " ,  ",     - "  ... ?* 
   ?*
 ?*
ocaoaoapo? ?*
 , p ?*
           ?*
      ""?*
      ?*
     ,    ?*
      ,   ?*
       ""?* 
      I   " "?* 
         ?* 
   .   "   "?*
    ,    ,     ,    ?* 
      1675 ?* 
     1675 ?* 
  ?*
      - ?*
    ?*
     ,   ?* 
     " "    ?*
   ,    ,   "  ",  ?*
     .    ?*
   , , , ?*
 ,  ,   ?* 
  ""    ?* 
  ""    ?* 
   ""    ""  ""?*
     ,    ?*  
   ?* 
  ?*
         ?*
      ?*
    . ,  : "    ...  "?* 
    ?*
  ?*
     ?*
     *
     ?*
    -?*
        ?*
      ?*
   ,   ?*
   ,  ?*
   ?*
        ""?*
       ?*
        ?*
    ,   ?*
       1?*
   ?*
      '' ...''?*
     1227 ,       4-  ?*
        ?*  
   " "?*
  ""   E=mc2?* 
       ?*
      ?*
   ,     ?*
     ?*
  ''rathaus''  ?*
       ""?*
       ""?*
   " "     ?*
       ?*
    ""?*
  -    ""?*
       ?*
        ?*
   "Cordless Phone"?*
      : ",  ..."?*  
      ?* 
     ?*
   (  ),    ,     (  ", ")?*
       ""?*
     "     "?*
     ??*
 -   ?* 
  " "     -  . ?*
    ?*
      ?*
 ,   ,   ?*
       ?*
     ?*
       ?*
       ,      ..?*
      ?*
     ?*
    ?*
    ,  ?* 
   ,           ?*
   ,          ?* 
     ,  ""?*
    ''''?*
  ?*
  ?*
    ?*
  . ,         ?*
   ?*
        ?*
    -           ?*
     ,        ?*
  " "?*
  ""?* 
  ?*
  ?*
  ''''?*c
  ?*
  ?*
  ?*
         ,  : " ?"?* 
   ''''  ?*
        ?* 
     ?*
      ?*
     ?*
   ,     ?*
    " "  ?*
   ?*
   ,  "" ?*
     - ?*
,,.?*
?*
""?*
,?*
?*
,   ,   ,    ?*
         , ,    ... ?* 
        ...  ?*
     19-     ... ?*
       ,      ,     ... ?*
   ,       .     -  .    ,    ?*
  ,  1907         .  ?*  
    ... ,      ?*
  ,       .  ?*-
,:.?*
, ""    ?*
?*
?* 
 ?*
,  ?*
,,,(,)?*
 : " ,  "?*
   -  ?* 
 : "   :   ,   -  "?*
 : "         "?*
    '' ,  ''?*
     ?*
      "   "   ... ?*
   ?*
 ?*
""?*
 ,    ,  .     - ... ?*
?*
.; .?*
 ?*
 ?*
,?*
  ?*
   ... ?*
?*
 ... -      ?*
           "".     ,      .     ?*
 ?*
     ?*
""?*
 ,     ?*
  ,   ,,  ,    ?*
  ,    ,      ... ?*
  ?*
  ,  ?*
  ?*
 ?*
  ,        ?*
              (.,  )?*
,     ?*
   16 ,     2 .      ?*
     ?*
  ?*
    -   ,       . ?* 
  ?*
.  ?*
  ?*
pp?*
  ?*
    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*-
 ?*-
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
   ,    , ,    ?*
   ?*
,?*
 ?*
,ppp.p?*
 ?*
 : " !   - -  !    ... ?* 
: "   ...,    "?*
    . ?*
?*
?*
   ?*
 , "   ",  ,   "  , ,     ... "?*
   (   "  ")  ?*
 ,       1294 ., -   Vir (Virgo)?*
 ?*
 ,             ?*
   - ... ?*
 ,           -  ... ?* 
 ?*
 ?*
?*
     6000 ?*
 ?*
. ?*
 ?*
  ?*
 ?*
?*
     (.)?*
  : "H      ,     ..."?*
,?*
       ,   : ",    ,  "?*
,      ,    60- ?*
  ?*
-  ?*
. ?*
 ,   80- .?*
 ,    "   "?*
o a o  1743 oy   yao  ox opo oa o?*
    "-"(   ),   ,   ?*
  ,    ,       ?*
         .   ?* 
    ""    ""?*
             .   ?*
      "  "?*-
      .  ... ?*
       -,       .  ?* 
         ,     ?*
              ?*
       2000     ,       . ?*
        ,   ?*
      1714 .  ... ?* 
   1964   ,      ,   .  ?*
       .   ... ?*
        :  , ,     (    ,   - )   ... ?* 
 ,    ,     .     -    " ",       . ?*
         ?*
        ?*
      ?*
   "  "      . ?* 
     1 665 763,73     ,     2p10  5d5  -86?*
   ,  "  "?*
                ?*
      "  "?*
  -   "   ",      "",      1921    ?*
          " "?*
        ?*
        ?*
     ,     ?*
     ?*
 ,       ,     .    ?* 
""?*
 -     ,    ?*
      "  "?*
     ",  !"     " ":   ,   - .  ?*  
      .    ... ?*
        " ".  ?*
   ?*
     ,       .   ?*
      -  ( ),    -  ( ).    ?*
       1703  1918 -    ... ?*
      " "?*  
        ,       ?*
          .    ?* 
         .  ?*
    ,   ?*
     ,          -?*
      ?*
        "  ".    ... ?*
    "  " - "  ,   ... ?*
      -  " "?*
        ?*
     ,    ?*
      -   .   , ,   ?* 
          . ?*
       (7 x 11 x 13 = "..."),    - " "?*1001 
     (  )?*
          .   ... ?*
     ?*
  -   .  "" ""      -  1300 ?*
 ,       ,        ( )?*
   ,   ,     " "   ,     ?*
      "" ?*
    ,   1185     ?*   
    ?*
             ?*
         ?*
      ,        ?*
   ,     ?*
        ,   ,      .  ... ?*
     30 ?*
   , , , , ?* 
       (8 300 .),          3 812     .      - ... ?*
     ,   ?* 
   XX  - 31  ... ?*2000
        - ... ?*
 ,     1953 ,     ʸ    .  ... ?* 
       ?*
     -     ?*
     ,    ?*
     (4807 )?*
   ,       -  ... ?*
          - ...?*
    ,     ?*-
    ,       ?*
   - ...  . ?*
 ,       "",  ,         .  ... ?*
    " "?*
    490           (  ,  42  195 ). ?*
          - ... ?*
         ?*
   ,     ,    ... -  ?*
          ?*
   -    ?*
      -      (  - ).  ?*
 ,            ?*
   ?*
,?*
?*
?*
?*
,.?*
?*
,.?*
,,?*
,      -     5    420 .?*
      ,   ?*
          ?*
   ""   ""?*
      " ,    "?*
    "--",   "".   ?* 
          (.)?*
      " "?*
      ?*
   : " ,  ,    "?*
    ,         ,       (,     ).  ?*
          ""?*
     :     ?*
      -?*
   " " -      -    6 ?*
     ?*  
       ,   ?*
    ,   1923    ""         ?*
     19   42    .  ?*
        ?*  
            ?*
         1054 ,   20      ... ?*
       ,   ... ?*
   "",       ?*
         .  ?*
       1916 .           ... ?*-
      ,       ?*
   "",       "  "?*
      ?*
       ?*
  ,   ,       ?*  
       ""?*
  "   "   1976- . ?* 
 ,  ,            ,    ?*
   : "    -    "?*
       .         ,   .  ?*
    ,         ,   ?*
     "   "?*
           (./.)?*
         . ?*
          () 16.07.662 .?*
         01.07.776 .  ..?*
         01.01.01 . ..?*
 ,    ,        01.09.5508 .  ..?*
       ,    -    -    ... -   ?*
        -  ?*  
   "   "?*
     ,          - 10 .    ?*
 -        ",  " -  ""?* 
         ?*
          "  "?*
            " "?*
  -         "-"?* 
       6     2 ,     " ".  ?*
         -  " ". ?*
      1984   ?* 
   ,      " "?*
    ,      ?*
           :  ,    ?*
        ,    - ?*
    ?* 
   ,          III.  ?* 
          ,  ,     .  ,    ... ?* 
  ,       ,         41-45 ?*
            .  ?*
 ,    ,   ?*
  ,  ,   ,         ?*
      ,  "  ."  ?*
          , ,    .     (/)?* 
 ,   ,      ()    ,   ,      " ".  ?*
      ?*
           ?*
       ""?*
        ?*
    : "     "?*
  ,     ,           .  ?*
    " "?* 
       40,    100 ?*
        ,    ,    .  ?* '
                 ?*
    ,     74    .  ... ?*
       1813 ?* 
        ?*
       1957    " "?*
     ,     ""?*
 ,      " ",    .  ... ?*
     ,     ?*
         ,    .  ... ?*
      ,  1961  1963    ?*
           .    ,      ... ?*
      1998     10 ?*
    1977.    " ".   ?* 
    1977.    " ".   ?* 
    ,     .  ... ?* 
    ,         ?*
        .  ?*
          ?*  
         " "?*
   -  " "?* 
     1939      ?*
         ?* 
        ,       .    ?* 
           ?*
  .   " ,      ,      "?*
      " "?*
       ,    .   ... ?*
        ,         ?*
    "   ",       .  1995              .   ?*
     "  ",   "  "?*
      ,    ,     ?*
      ,     .   ... ?*
          .  ... ?*
?*
?*
    ?*-
        ,         . ?*
          -  -   .   ?* 
          -  "  ..."?*
        ?*
             ?*--
     ?*
     ?*
     ...% ?*98
    ?*
 ?*
   ?*
 ,       ,     ?*
  ?*
?*
 ?*
?*
,       ?*
,?*
  ...,   ,  .    ?*
,     ,        .  ... ?*
   ,     ... ?*-
    ,            ,      .     ?*
 ,   " "?* 
  ,      ?*
  : "      -  ..."?*
 -  ?*
 -    ,/    -  ..., -     ... ?*
   ,  ...  !?* 
  :   .     -    ! -  ?*
  ,    .    ,  . ?* 
   .  !!! -     ?*
     ,   ,   ... -  ?*
 ?*
  ?*
 "" ?*
     ?*
,       ,    ?*
       1882 .,     ,          .   ""?*
   ?*
,  ""    ?*
,      ?*
 ,     ,     ...?*
 ,   ?*
    ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
 ?*
  *
 , ?*
      ... ?*
 oopca ooa: "c  ca  o ,  ee  a, o e .   ca ..."?* 
?*
 ,   6  1945      .    ,     140   (      )?*
  ""   ?*
      ?*
?*